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CVE-2025-51630: Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in TOTOLINK N350RT V9.3.5u.6139_B20201216

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Overview

In the ever-evolving field of cybersecurity, it’s crucial to stay one step ahead of potential threats. One such recent discovery is a high-severity vulnerability that resides in the TOTOLINK N350RT V9.3.5u.6139_B20201216. This vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-51630, is a buffer overflow vulnerability that can lead to potential system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability primarily affects users of the TOTOLINK N350RT V9.3.5u.6139_B20201216, a popular networking device, and poses a significant threat due to the high CVSS severity score of 9.8.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-51630
Severity: Critical (9.8/10)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK N350RT | V9.3.5u.6139_B20201216

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability arises from a buffer overflow in the ‘setIpPortFilterRules’ function via the ‘ePort’ parameter. A buffer overflow occurs when more data is written into a buffer than it can handle, causing an overwrite of adjacent memory areas. This could potentially lead to arbitrary code execution, system crash, or an information leak, depending upon the context and specifics of the overflow.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability may be exploited. It is a sample HTTP request that might trigger the buffer overflow:

POST /setIpPortFilterRules HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
ePort=65536&other_params...

In this example, the ‘ePort’ parameter is set to a value larger than the maximum allowed port number (65535). This excess data could potentially overflow the buffer and lead to unexpected behavior.

Mitigation

Users are advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch to mitigate the effects of this vulnerability. In case the patch is not immediately available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary protection by monitoring and blocking suspicious activities. Regularly updating your systems and keeping a vigilant eye on security advisories can also help in minimizing the risk of similar vulnerabilities.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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