Overview
A critical vulnerability has been discovered in TP-LINK Technologies TL-IPC544EP-W4 version 1.0.9 Build 240428 Rel 69493n. This vulnerability, tagged as CVE-2025-5875, is classified as a buffer overflow vulnerability and has a significant impact on the security and integrity of the affected systems. The flaw affects the function sub_69064 of the file /bin/main and is exploitable remotely, posing a threat to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the victim’s system. The failure of the vendor to respond to this disclosure further increases its severity.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-5875
Severity: Critical (CVSS 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
TP-LINK Technologies TL-IPC544EP-W4 | 1.0.9 Build 240428 Rel 69493n
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability lies in the function sub_69064 of the file /bin/main. The improper validation of the ‘text’ argument passed to this function leads to a buffer overflow condition. As a result, an attacker can manipulate the ‘text’ argument to write arbitrary data beyond the bounds of the allocated buffer. This may allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code, leading to a potential system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This could be a malicious payload sent over a network connection to the vulnerable device:
POST /bin/main HTTP/1.1
Host: target.TP-LINK.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "text": "A"*1024 }In this conceptual example, the ‘text’ argument is filled with 1024 ‘A’ characters, which may exceed the buffer size allocated for ‘text’, leading to a buffer overflow.
Mitigation Guidance
Until the vendor releases a patch for this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply mitigation measures such as deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Additionally, monitoring system logs for unusual activity can aid in identifying potential attacks. As a best practice, it is also advisable to limit access to sensitive systems to trusted networks and individuals.
Conclusion
The discovery of CVE-2025-5875 serves as a critical reminder of the importance of maintaining a robust security posture. Vigilance in applying security updates and patches, combined with proactive security measures, can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation.