CVE-2025-4298: Critical Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Tenda AC1206

Overview

A newly discovered vulnerability, CVE-2025-4298, poses a significant risk to users of Tenda AC1206 up to version 15.03.06.23. This vulnerability, classified as critical due to its potential for system compromise and data leakage, affects the file /goform/setcfm specifically its function formSetCfm. The manipulation of this function can cause a buffer overflow that can be exploited remotely. The discovery of this vulnerability, whose exploit has already been disclosed to the public, underscores the critical need for cybersecurity vigilance and robust, consistent patch management.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-4298
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AC1206 | Up to 15.03.06.23

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from improper input validation in the formSetCfm function of the /goform/setcfm file. An attacker can craft a specially designed request to manipulate the system’s buffer, causing an overflow. This overflow can lead to unexpected behaviors, such as the execution of arbitrary code or the crash of the system. This vulnerability can be exploited remotely without any form of authentication or user interaction, making it a prime target for malicious actors.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. Note that this is a simplified example and actual exploitation may require more complex steps.

POST /goform/setcfm HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-router.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "buffer_overflow_trigger_payload": "..." }

In this example, the “buffer_overflow_trigger_payload” would be specifically designed to exploit the vulnerability and cause a buffer overflow.

Mitigation Guidance

The best mitigation strategy for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. If applying the patch is not immediately feasible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary measure can help protect against potential attacks. However, these measures should not replace patching as they may not provide complete protection against all possible exploitation methods.