Overview
The cybersecurity landscape is ever-evolving with new vulnerabilities emerging, posing significant threats to companies and individuals worldwide. One such vulnerability is the CVE-2025-7775, a memory overflow leading to remote code execution (RCE) or denial of service (DoS) in NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway, when configured in specific ways.
This vulnerability affects a range of NetScaler versions, potentially compromising systems and leading to data leakage. It carries a high severity given its CVSS score of 9.8 out of 10. Understanding and mitigating such vulnerabilities is crucial to maintaining secure systems and protecting sensitive data.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-7775
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to system compromise or data leakage.
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
NetScaler ADC | 13.1, 14.1, 13.1-FIPS, NDcPP
NetScaler Gateway | 13.1, 14.1, 13.1-FIPS, NDcPP
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability is a memory overflow error that can be triggered when NetScaler is configured as a Gateway (VPN virtual server, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) or an AAA virtual server. The overflow occurs when handling specific types of requests.
This flaw can also be triggered when LB virtual servers of type (HTTP, SSL, or HTTP_QUIC) are bound with IPv6 services or service groups bound with IPv6 servers. Exploiting this vulnerability allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected system or cause a denial of service.
Conceptual Example Code
This is a conceptual example of how a crafted HTTP request might be used to exploit the vulnerability:
POST /netscaler/vpn HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "..." }In this example, the “malicious_payload” would be designed to trigger the memory overflow, leading to remote code execution or denial of service.
Potential Mitigations
The best mitigation against this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as possible. In the case that immediate patching is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation, helping to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Regularly updating and patching your systems is a key part of maintaining strong cybersecurity.