Overview
This blog post provides an in-depth analysis of the recently discovered vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-6559, affecting multiple models of wireless routers from Sapido. This vulnerability, classified as an OS Command Injection vulnerability, has a serious potential impact on the cybersecurity landscape due to its high severity score and broad reach. It allows unauthenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary OS commands and execute them on the server, leading to potential system compromise and data leakage. Given that the affected models are no longer supported by the manufacturer, the risk is compounded due to the lack of immediate patches or updates.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-6559
Severity: Critical (CVSS Score: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System Compromise, Potential Data Leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Sapido Wireless Router Model X | All versions
Sapido Wireless Router Model Y | All versions
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by leveraging the OS Command Injection vulnerability present in the software of the affected router models. An attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request to the router’s web interface. This request contains malicious OS commands concealed within normal-looking parameters. Once the request is processed by the router, these commands are executed on the server, causing it to behave in ways unintended by the user and potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. The following example shows a malicious HTTP request in which the attacker injects the OS command into one of the parameters:
POST /cgi-bin/settings HTTP/1.1
Host: target_router_ip
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
ssid=legitimate_ssid&password=legitimate_password&custom_param=;rm -rf /;#In this example, `;rm -rf /;#` is the injected OS command which, when executed, will delete all files on the server. Note that this is only a conceptual example to demonstrate how the vulnerability can be exploited, and it is neither recommended nor ethical to perform such actions on any system without explicit permission.