Overview
The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has logged a critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-5905, within the TOTOLINK T10 4.1.8cu.5207. This vulnerability is particularly concerning due to the potential for remote system compromise and data leakage. Any individual or organization using the affected TOTOLINK T10 version is at risk, highlighting the necessity of immediate action to mitigate the threat.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-5905
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Remote system compromise and potential data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
TOTOLINK T10 | 4.1.8cu.5207
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability is located in the ‘setWiFiRepeaterCfg’ function of the ‘/cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi’ file of the POST request handler component. A buffer overflow condition arises when the ‘Password’ argument is manipulated in a particular way. Buffer overflow vulnerabilities occur when more data is put into a buffer than it can handle, causing the extra data to overflow into adjacent memory. This overflow can overwrite other data, leading to erratic program behavior, crashes, or even the execution of malicious code.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited in an HTTP request:
POST /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
func=setWiFiRepeaterCfg&Password=a%20very%20long%20string%20that%20causes%20buffer%20overflowIn this example, a malicious actor sends a POST request to the vulnerable endpoint, including an excessively long string as the ‘Password’ argument. This string overflows the buffer, potentially allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code and compromise the system.
Mitigation Measures
In response to this vulnerability, it’s recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. In case the patch is not available or cannot be immediately applied, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These tools can detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability, adding an extra layer of security for the affected systems.