CVE-2025-57293: Command Injection Vulnerability in COMFAST CF-XR11

Overview

A recently discovered critical vulnerability (CVE-2025-57293) has been identified in COMFAST CF-XR11 firmware V2.7.2, which is widely used in networking devices. This vulnerability, if exploited by malicious actors, can lead to unauthorized access of sensitive files, execution of arbitrary code, or a full device compromise. The severity of this vulnerability is underscored by its CVSS severity score of 8.8, indicating a high potential for system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-57293
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized access to sensitive files, arbitrary code execution, and full device compromise.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

COMFAST CF-XR11 | Firmware V2.7.2

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists in the multi_pppoe API which is processed by the sub_423930 function in /usr/bin/webmgnt. The phy_interface parameter is not sanitized, creating an opportunity for attackers to inject arbitrary commands via a POST request to /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET&section=multi_pppoe. When the action parameter is set to “one_click_redial”, the unsanitized phy_interface is used in a system() call, which then allows the execution of the malicious commands injected by the attacker.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This code represents a malicious HTTP POST request.

POST /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET&section=multi_pppoe HTTP/1.1
Host: target-device-ip
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
action=one_click_redial&phy_interface=;malicious_command;

In the above example, `malicious_command` represents an arbitrary command injected by the attacker. The command is then executed as a result of the system call triggered by the “one_click_redial” action.

Mitigation Measures

To mitigate this vulnerability, the advised solution is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure, helping to detect or block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Users are also recommended to monitor their system logs for any suspicious activity.