Overview
Cybersecurity is a constantly evolving field, with new vulnerabilities appearing that challenge our defense strategies. This blog post will focus on CVE-2025-5630, a critical vulnerability that has been detected in D-Link DIR-816 1.10CNB05. This issue affects an unknown code component within the file /goform/form2lansetup.cgi, which can lead to a dangerous stack-based buffer overflow when the ‘ip’ argument is manipulated.
The severity of this vulnerability cannot be overstated, given its potential for remote exploitation. It poses a significant threat to outdated products no longer supported by their vendors, thereby raising the potential for data leakage or a complete system compromise.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-5630
Severity: Critical, CVSS Score 9.8
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
D-Link DIR-816 | 1.10CNB05
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by manipulating the ‘ip’ argument in the /goform/form2lansetup.cgi file. This manipulation overflows the stack buffer causing unexpected behavior in the system. The overflow can overwrite other portions of memory, and the attacker could use this to execute arbitrary code. This allows potential unauthorized access to sensitive information, or even full control over the system.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:
POST /goform/form2lansetup.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable_device_ip
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
ip=%s # This is where the malicious input would be insertedIn the above example, the attacker would replace `%s` with a carefully crafted string designed to overflow the stack buffer.
Mitigation and Recommendations
For mitigation, it is recommended to apply vendor patches as soon as they become available. Since the affected products are no longer supported by the vendor, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation method.
However, the most effective course of action is to replace outdated and unsupported devices with newer ones that receive regular security updates from the manufacturer. Practicing good cybersecurity hygiene, such as regularly updating and patching systems, can help prevent exploitation of these types of vulnerabilities.