Overview
The cybersecurity world is no stranger to vulnerabilities, but CVE-2025-55583 is one that holds a particularly high risk. This vulnerability resides in the D-Link DIR-868L B1 router firmware version FW2.05WWB02. It is an unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability that can be exploited remotely, making it a critical issue for users and IT administrators. As routers form the backbone of internet connectivity in homes and businesses alike, the severity of this vulnerability cannot be understated. A successful exploit could potentially compromise the system or even lead to data leakage, thus posing a massive privacy and security threat.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-55583
Severity: Critical (9.8/10)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise, data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
D-Link DIR-868L B1 Router | FW2.05WWB02
How the Exploit Works
The exploit takes advantage of an unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability in the fileaccess.cgi component of the D-Link DIR-868L B1 router firmware. The endpoint /dws/api/UploadFile accepts a pre_api_arg parameter that is directly passed to system-level shell execution functions without any sanitization or authentication. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to this endpoint, allowing them to execute arbitrary commands as the root user on the system.
Conceptual Example Code
A conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited is as follows:
POST /dws/api/UploadFile HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.router.ip
Content-Type: application/json
{ "pre_api_arg": "; rm -rf /;" }In this example, the attacker is using the “pre_api_arg” parameter to inject a malicious command (; rm -rf /;) that would delete all files in the system. This is purely illustrative and demonstrates the potential severity of the vulnerability.
Mitigation
Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible to mitigate the risk of this vulnerability. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation, blocking potential exploit attempts. As always, keeping your systems and applications updated with the latest patches and security fixes is the most effective way to protect against vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-55583.
