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CVE-2025-54916: Stack-Based Buffer Overflow in Windows NTFS

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Overview

CVE-2025-54916 is a high-risk vulnerability that affects Windows NTFS. This stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally, which potentially compromises the system or leads to data leakage. Considering the pervasive use of Windows NTFS, this vulnerability could have significant implications on large scale if not addressed promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-54916
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Windows NTFS | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within the handling of certain operations in Windows NTFS. An attacker with local access and low privileges can overflow the stack buffer by sending specially crafted input that exceeds the buffer’s boundary. This condition allows the attacker to overwrite the intended data structure, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution with the same privileges as the user running the affected software.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a shell command:

$ echo -e 'GET /vulnerable/path HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.target.com\r\n\r\n' | nc target.com 80

In this example, the command sends a GET request with an excessively long string to the vulnerable path on the target host. If the string is processed by the vulnerable software and exceeds the stack buffer’s boundary, it could lead to a buffer overflow, resulting in arbitrary code execution.

Mitigation Guidance

To protect against this vulnerability, it’s recommended to apply the latest vendor-provided patch for Windows NTFS. If a patch is not immediately available or applicable, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation by identifying and blocking attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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