Overview
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities, such as CVE-2025-51464, are serious cybersecurity threats that can lead to system compromise or data leakage. The vulnerability is present in aimhubio Aim version 3.28.0, a popular data science platform known for its interactive Python capabilities. Cybercriminals can execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the victim’s browser through the platform’s /api/reports endpoint, leveraging a lack of proper sanitization and sandbox restrictions in the Pyodide JavaScript interpreter.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-51464
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
aimhubio Aim | 3.28.0
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by sending malicious Python code to the /api/reports endpoint of Aimhubio Aim. This code is then interpreted and executed by Pyodide, which does not properly sanitize the input or restrict JavaScript execution in a sandbox. Consequently, an attacker can remotely execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the victim’s browser when the report is viewed.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a malicious HTTP POST request:
POST /api/reports HTTP/1.1
Host: aimhubio.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"report":
{
"python_code": "import pyodide; pyodide.code.run_js('malicious javascript code')"
}
}In this example, the ‘malicious javascript code’ would be replaced with an actual JavaScript payload that the attacker wants to execute in the victim’s browser.
Mitigation Measures
The best way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, or if patching is not immediately possible, using web application firewalls (WAFs) or intrusion detection systems (IDS) can provide temporary protection by detecting and blocking potential attacks.
Remember that cybersecurity is a never-ending process and requires constant vigilance. Always stay updated with the latest patches and security advisories to keep your systems secure.