CVE-2025-50850: Lack of Security Controls in CS Cart 4.18.3 Vendor Login Functionality

Overview

This article discusses a critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-50850, impacting CS Cart version 4.18.3. This vulnerability is of significant concern as it affects vendor login functionality and could potentially lead to unauthorized system access and data loss. The lack of essential security controls such as CAPTCHA verification and rate limiting opens up the system to brute-force attacks, which can systematically try different combinations of usernames and passwords to gain unauthorized access to vendor accounts.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-50850
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.6)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized system access and potential data leak

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

CS Cart | 4.18.3

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the lack of security measures in the vendor login functionality of CS Cart 4.18.3. Without CAPTCHA verification or rate limiting, an attacker can automate the process of attempting different combinations of usernames and passwords until a correct combination is found. The absence of any blocking mechanism further enhances the vulnerability, making the login endpoint susceptible to these automated attacks.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might exploit this vulnerability using a script that sends POST requests to the login endpoint. The script would cycle through different combinations of usernames and passwords. A conceptual example of this might look like this:

POST /vendor/login HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
username=admin&password=123456

In the above example, the script would change the `username` and `password` parameters in each request. Without adequate security controls, the server would process each login attempt, potentially leading to an attacker discovering valid login credentials.

Mitigation & Recommendations

The best mitigation strategy for CVE-2025-50850 is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it’s available. In the meantime, it is advisable to implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to provide temporary mitigation. These solutions can help detect and prevent brute-force attacks by limiting the rate of login attempts or blocking IP addresses that make too many unsuccessful attempts.