Overview
A critical vulnerability affecting TOTOLINK routers (A702R, A3002R, and A3002RU versions 3.0.0-B20230809.1615) has been identified. This vulnerability is classified as a buffer overflow, which occurs in the handling of HTTP POST requests specifically targeting the /boafrm/formWirelessTbl file. This vulnerability is serious due to its potential for remote exploitation, making any system using the affected TOTOLINK routers potentially at risk of compromise or data leakage.
The urgency of this situation is elevated as this exploit has been publicly disclosed, meaning that threat actors may already be leveraging this vulnerability to attack systems. Therefore, any entities using the affected routers should prioritize applying the necessary patches or implementing the recommended mitigation strategies.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-4826
Severity: Critical (CVSS 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network (Remote)
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
TOTOLINK A702R | 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
TOTOLINK A3002R | 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
TOTOLINK A3002RU | 3.0.0-B20230809.1615
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by manipulating the argument ‘submit-url’ in a HTTP POST request sent to the /boafrm/formWirelessTbl file. This manipulation causes an overflow in the memory buffer allocated for handling this request, allowing for unauthorized code execution. This exploit can be initiated remotely, making it a serious threat to any unpatched systems.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP POST request which targets the vulnerable endpoint:
POST /boafrm/formWirelessTbl HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=... [malicious_payload] ...Mitigation
The primary mitigation strategy is to apply the vendor-provided patch immediately to all affected systems. In case the patch cannot be immediately applied, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) may provide temporary mitigation by detecting and blocking attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, these are stopgap measures and cannot replace the need for patching the vulnerability as soon as possible.
As a best practice, ensure that your systems are regularly updated and that you are subscribed to vulnerability disclosure feeds relevant to the systems you use.