CVE-2025-46271: Critical Command Injection Vulnerability in UNI-NMS-Lite

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is often marred by the discovery of new vulnerabilities that put organizations and individuals at risk. One such vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-46271, has been identified in the UNI-NMS-Lite system. This vulnerability, a command injection attack, could allow an unauthenticated attacker to read or manipulate device data. Given the widespread use of UNI-NMS-Lite as a network management system, this vulnerability exposes numerous systems to potential compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-46271
Severity: Critical, 9.1 CVSS Score
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

UNI-NMS-Lite | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

This exploit takes advantage of a command injection flaw in the UNI-NMS-Lite system. An attacker can send specially crafted inputs to the system that are executed as operating system commands. This is possible due to improper input validation by the UNI-NMS-Lite system. The attacker doesn’t need to be authenticated, making this a highly dangerous vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This could be a sample HTTP request that includes a malicious payload:

POST /nms-lite/api/v1/devices HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "device_data": "; rm -rf /" }

In this example, the attacker is injecting a command (`rm -rf /`) that, if executed, would delete all files in the system.

Mitigation

The most recommended mitigation strategy is to apply the vendor’s patch if one is available. This patch will correct the input validation flaw, preventing command injection attacks. In the absence of a patch, or until one can be applied, organizations can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block suspicious inputs that might be command injection attacks.
It’s important to note that while WAFs and IDSs can provide temporary protection, they are not a replacement for proper patch management. Always apply patches as soon as possible to ensure the security of your systems.