Overview
Vulnerabilities are a constant threat in the world of cybersecurity. No software is immune, and the impacts of these threats can cause significant damage. One such vulnerability, labeled as CVE-2025-46001, is an arbitrary file upload vulnerability that affects Filemanager v2.3.0. This vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code by uploading a specially crafted PHP file, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage. Given the widespread use of Filemanager, this vulnerability poses a serious threat to countless systems globally.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-46001
Severity: Critical (9.8/10)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Filemanager | v2.3.0
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability exists within the is_allowed_file_type() function of Filemanager v2.3.0. This function is intended to check the file type of an uploaded file and deny the upload if the file type is not allowed. However, due to a flaw in this function, it can be bypassed by an attacker who uploads a specially crafted PHP file. Once the file is uploaded and executed, the attacker can then run arbitrary code, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:
POST /upload_file HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious.php"
Content-Type: application/x-php
<?php
//Malicious PHP code
?>
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--In this example, the attacker uploads a PHP file containing malicious code. The server, due to the flaw in is_allowed_file_type() function, accepts the upload and the attacker can then execute the code, leading to system compromise or data leakage.
Mitigation Guidance
To mitigate this vulnerability, users of Filemanager v2.3.0 are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary measure to block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. It’s important to always keep your systems updated to prevent such vulnerabilities.