Overview
The vulnerability being discussed here, dubbed CVE-2025-45846, is a serious cybersecurity threat that affects users of ALFA AIP-W512 v3.2.2.2.3. This vulnerability has been classified as an authenticated stack overflow vulnerability, which means that it can be exploited by attackers to potentially compromise the system or leak data, provided they have appropriate access credentials. This vulnerability is significant because ALFA AIP-W512 is a widely-used product, and a successful exploit can have severe repercussions, including loss of data integrity, confidentiality, and availability.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-45846
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
ALFA AIP-W512 | v3.2.2.2.3
How the Exploit Works
The exploit works by taking advantage of a stack overflow in the formBTClinetSetting function in the ALFA AIP-W512 v3.2.2.2.3. Specifically, it targets the torrentsindex parameter and manipulates it to overwhelm the stack, thereby causing a buffer overflow. This overflow could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or potentially cause the system to crash. The exploit requires authenticated access, meaning the attacker needs to have valid login credentials to initiate this attack.
Conceptual Example Code
Here’s a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This example assumes that the attacker has gained authenticated access to the system.
POST /formBTClinetSetting HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
torrentsindex=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...[continued until stack overflow]In this conceptual example, the torrentsindex parameter is filled with an excessive amount of data (‘A’s in this case), causing a stack overflow. This is the basis of the exploit, which could potentially allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code or crash the system.
Mitigation
Users of ALFA AIP-W512 v3.2.2.2.3 are advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch immediately to mitigate this vulnerability. If a patch is not immediately available or applicable, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation measures. Both of these solutions can help filter out malicious data and monitor the network for signs of this exploit, offering an additional layer of security while a more permanent solution is implemented.