Overview
In the rapidly evolving landscape of cybersecurity, vulnerabilities in systems pose a significant threat to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. One such vulnerability has been discovered in the NS3000 v8.1.1.125110, v7.2.8.124852, and v7.x and NS2000 v7.02.08 network systems. This blog post delves into the specifics of the vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-45814, its potential impact, and the necessary mitigation steps.
This vulnerability chiefly affects organizations using the aforementioned versions of NS3000 and NS2000. It is of paramount importance due to its high CVSS severity score, indicating its potential to compromise system security and lead to data leakage.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-45814
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
NS3000 | v8.1.1.125110, v7.2.8.124852, and v7.x
NS2000 | v7.02.08
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability resides in the query.fcgi endpoint of NS3000 and NS2000. It is due to missing authentication checks in the aforementioned endpoint that an attacker can exploit this vulnerability. By sending specially crafted requests to the vulnerable endpoint, an attacker can hijack an active session and gain unauthorized access to the system. This access can potentially be used to compromise the system or exfiltrate sensitive data.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example shows a malicious HTTP request sent to the vulnerable endpoint.
GET /query.fcgi?sessionID=123456 HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-system.example.comIn this example, the attacker attempts to hijack an active session by using a known session ID in the request. Without proper authentication checks, the system may allow the attacker to connect to the active session, providing them with unauthorized access.
Mitigation
To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the vendor-provided patch as soon as possible. If the patch is not immediately available or cannot be applied immediately, use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation. These systems can potentially detect and block malicious activity related to this vulnerability. However, these are only temporary measures and cannot replace the need for patching the system.