CVE-2025-44877: Critical Command Injection Vulnerability in Tenda AC9 V15.03.06.42_multi

Overview

The recently discovered vulnerability CVE-2025-44877 poses a significant threat to users of Tenda AC9 V15.03.06.42_multi. As a critical vulnerability, it exposes users to potential system compromise or data leakage, making it a high-priority issue that needs to be addressed immediately. The vulnerability lies in the formSetSambaConf function via the usbname parameter, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request. Given the high CVSS severity score of 9.8, it’s crucial for users and administrators to understand the risks and implications associated with this vulnerability.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44877
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AC9 | V15.03.06.42_multi

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a command injection vulnerability in the formSetSambaConf function via the usbname parameter. An attacker can craft a special request containing malicious code, which, when processed by the vulnerable function, allows the arbitrary command to be executed. This could permit an attacker to manipulate the system, potentially leading to a full system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. Note that this is a simplified example and actual attacks may involve more complex payloads or techniques.

POST /formSetSambaConf HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "usbname": "; rm -rf /;" }

In the above example, an attacker sends a POST request to the formSetSambaConf endpoint with a malicious payload in the “usbname” parameter. The payload `”; rm -rf /;”` is a destructive Linux command that, when executed, deletes all files in the system. If the system is vulnerable, it would process this command, leading to severe damage.

Mitigation and Prevention

Users are strongly urged to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, users should consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can help detect and block malicious requests that attempt to exploit this vulnerability. Regularly updating and patching systems is a critical part of maintaining a secure environment and protecting against potential threats.