Overview
The cybersecurity landscape is continually evolving with new vulnerabilities discovered regularly, posing significant threats to both individuals and organizations. The recent identification of CVE-2025-44872 is one such vulnerability that has serious implications for users of the Tenda AC9 V15.03.06.42_multi device. This vulnerability stems from a command injection flaw in the formsetUsbUnload function via the deviceName parameter, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.
Such a vulnerability has a high potential for system compromise and data leakage, hence, it is crucial for cybersecurity professionals to fully understand and mitigate this vulnerability. This post aims to provide an in-depth understanding of CVE-2025-44872, its impact, and how to mitigate the potential damage.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-44872
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage
Affected Products
No phone number, email, or personal info required.
Product | Affected Versions
Tenda AC9 | V15.03.06.42_multi
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability lies in the formsetUsbUnload function of the Tenda AC9 V15.03.06.42_multi device. Due to a flaw in the function’s input validation process, it is susceptible to command injection via the deviceName parameter. An attacker can craft a malicious request, embedding arbitrary commands within the deviceName parameter. When this request is processed, the embedded commands will be executed as part of the formsetUsbUnload function, effectively handing over control of the system to the attacker.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability.
POST /formsetUsbUnload HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"deviceName": "; arbitrary_commands_here ;"
}In this example, the malicious payload is embedded within the deviceName parameter, preceded and followed by semicolons. The semicolons serve to separate the arbitrary commands from the rest of the command, allowing them to be executed independently.
Mitigation
Users of the affected product are strongly advised to apply the vendor’s patch to resolve this vulnerability. In cases where immediate patching is not feasible, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can help detect and block malicious payloads, preventing the exploitation of the vulnerability. Additionally, routine security audits and regular monitoring of system logs can help in early detection and response to any potential exploitation.