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CVE-2025-44650: Denial of Service Vulnerability in Netgear R7000 and EAX80

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Overview

The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-44650, affects Netgear R7000 and EAX80 routers. This vulnerability is due to the USERLIMIT_GLOBAL option setting in the bftpd.conf configuration file, which could potentially cause Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when unlimited users are connected. Considering the widespread usage of these devices, this vulnerability could have significant implications if exploited.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44650
Severity: High (CVSS:7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of Service, potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Netgear R7000 | V1.3.1.64_10.1.36
Netgear EAX80 | V1.0.1.70_1.0.2

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists due to a misconfiguration in the bftpd.conf file of the affected devices, where the USERLIMIT_GLOBAL option is set to 0. This allows unlimited simultaneous connections to the device, overloading its capabilities and causing a Denial of Service. Additionally, with a high volume of users, an attacker might be able to exploit this setting to gain unauthorized access or cause data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The vulnerability does not involve a specific malicious payload but rather the exploitation of a misconfiguration. An attacker would attempt to connect multiple clients to the server concurrently, overloading the server and causing DoS. Conceptually, it might look like this:

for i in {1..1000}
do
nc target.example.com 21 &
done

This shell command attempts to create 1000 simultaneous connections to the FTP server on port 21, which could potentially cause a DoS given the misconfiguration.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the patch provided by the vendor as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can temporarily mitigate the issue by limiting the number of simultaneous connections.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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