Overview
This blog post talks about a serious vulnerability, CVE-2025-43546, affecting Bridge versions 15.0.3, 14.1.6 and earlier versions. This vulnerability, an Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound) issue, poses a significant risk of arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. This vulnerability is not merely a theoretical concern but has the potential to lead to system compromise or data leakage. The exploitation of this issue requires user involvement, specifically, the victim must open a malicious file. Given the severity of the vulnerability and the potential impact, it is crucial for organizations using Bridge to take immediate action to mitigate this threat.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-43546
Severity: High (CVSS Score: 7.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Bridge | 15.0.3 and earlier
Bridge | 14.1.6 and earlier
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability arises from an Integer Underflow in Bridge, which can lead to a wraparound condition. This condition can, in turn, enable a malicious actor to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. The attack is predicated on user interaction, meaning that the victim must open a malicious file for the exploit to occur. Once the file is opened, the vulnerability is triggered and enables the attacker to gain unauthorized access or control over the system.
Conceptual Example Code
The following is a
conceptual
example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode shows the manipulation of an integer value that leads to underflow, potentially resulting in a wraparound and causing unexpected behavior in the system.
int vulnerableFunction(int inputValue) {
int buffer[10];
int i = inputValue;
// Underflow occurs if inputValue is less than 0
i--;
// Buffer overflow due to wraparound
buffer[i] = malicious_payload;
return 0;
}In this hypothetical example, if `inputValue` is 0, the decrement operation causes an underflow, wrapping `i` to a large positive value. This leads to a buffer overflow when trying to assign `malicious_payload` to `buffer[i]`, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution.
How to Mitigate the Vulnerability
The recommended mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. In cases where immediate patching is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. These systems can potentially identify and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, they should not be seen as a long-term solution, and patching the affected software should be a priority.