Overview
CVE-2025-43010 is a critical vulnerability in SAP’s S/4HANA Cloud Private Edition that could, if exploited, allow an attacker to replace arbitrary ABAP programs, including SAP standard programs. This vulnerability, which affects the Supply Chain Management Master Data Layer (SCM MDL), is particularly concerning due to the essential role SAP systems play in managing vital enterprise resources.
The vulnerability stems from a lack of input validation and improper authorization checks, which could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. Given the severity of this exploit, it is crucial that system administrators take immediate action to mitigate risks associated with this vulnerability.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-43010
Severity: High (8.3 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
SAP S/4HANA Cloud Private Edition | All versions prior to the latest patch.
SAP S/4HANA on Premise | All versions prior to the latest patch.
How the Exploit Works
The exploit takes advantage of a security oversight in the SAP S/4HANA Cloud Private Edition or On-Premise systems, particularly within the SCM Master Data Layer (MDL). An authenticated attacker, bearing standard SAP authorization, can execute a certain function module remotely. This function allows the attacker to replace arbitrary ABAP programs, including SAP standard ones, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.
This exploit is made possible due to the lack of input validation and insufficient authorization checks, which fail to verify the legitimacy of the function call or the integrity of the data being inserted into the system.
Conceptual Example Code
The following is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode implies the attacker has authenticated access and is capable of sending a malicious payload to exploit the vulnerability.
DATA: lv_payload TYPE string.
lv_payload = "{ 'malicious_payload': '...' }".
CALL FUNCTION 'VULNERABLE_FUNCTION'
IN REMOTE DESTINATION lv_target
EXPORTING
p_payload = lv_payload.In this example, the malicious payload is sent as an argument to the vulnerable function, which is then executed without proper input validation or adequate authorization checks. The attacker can exploit this vulnerability to replace crucial ABAP programs, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage.