Overview
The cybersecurity landscape is becoming increasingly complex with the proliferation of sophisticated attacks. One such example is the SQL Injection vulnerability (CVE-2025-40689) in the Online Fire Reporting System v1.2 by PHPGurukul. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to any organization using this system, as it could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. As cyber threats continue to evolve, understanding such vulnerabilities is crucial to ensuring robust system security and safeguarding sensitive information.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-40689
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Online Fire Reporting System by PHPGurukul | v1.2
How the Exploit Works
The exploit takes advantage of an SQL Injection vulnerability in the ‘remark’, ‘status’, and ‘requestid’ parameters of the ‘/ofrs/admin/request-details.php’ endpoint. An attacker can manipulate these parameters to craft malicious SQL queries, which the system executes without proper sanitization. This allows the attacker to retrieve, create, update, or delete information from the system’s database, leading to potential unauthorized data access, system compromise, or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a malicious SQL injection payload:
POST /ofrs/admin/request-details.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"remark": "';DROP TABLE users;--",
"status": "';DROP TABLE users;--",
"requestid": "';DROP TABLE users;--"
}In this example, the attacker is attempting to delete a ‘users’ table from the database, which could have devastating effects on the system.
Mitigation Measures
To mitigate this vulnerability, users of the affected system should immediately apply the vendor-provided patch once available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation to detect and block malicious SQL queries. Additionally, adhering to best practices for secure coding, such as input validation and preparing statements, can help protect against SQL injection attacks.
