Overview
In the ever-evolving landscape of cybersecurity, the discovery of new vulnerabilities is a common occurrence. One such vulnerability, CVE-2025-40599, poses a significant risk to businesses utilizing the SMA 100 series web management interface. This vulnerability, if exploited, can potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage. It affects organizations that have not updated their systems to the latest patch, causing a significant security risk that can be exploited by malicious actors.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-40599
Severity: Critical (9.1 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: High (Administrator)
User Interaction: None
Impact: Arbitrary file upload, potential system compromise, and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
SMA100 Series | Pre-patch versions
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability CVE-2025-40599 is an authenticated arbitrary file upload flaw found in the SMA 100 series web management interface. It allows a remote attacker with administrative privileges to upload arbitrary files to the system.
This exploit works by leveraging the unchecked file upload functionality of the SMA 100 series web management interface. An attacker with administrative privileges can upload a malicious file to the system, which could potentially lead to remote code execution. This could allow the attacker to take control of the system, leading to system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
A conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited is shown below. In this case, an HTTP POST request is used to upload a malicious file to the system.
POST /uploadFile HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="malicious_payload.exe"
Content-Type: application/x-msdownload
<binary data>
------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--Mitigation Guidance
To mitigate the risk posed by this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. If for some reason applying the vendor patch is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation strategy is also recommended. However, these measures can only provide temporary relief and the vendor patch should be applied as the ultimate solution.