Overview
In this write-up, we will analyze CVE-2025-28959, a severe SQL Injection vulnerability discovered in Md Yeasin Ul Haider URL Shortener that permits an attacker to potentially compromise a system or cause data leakage. SQL Injection vulnerabilities are an ever-present risk in web development, and this vulnerability, in particular, is of high importance due to its high CVSS Severity Score of 9.3. It affects all versions of URL Shortener from n/a through 3.0.7, making it a widespread concern that requires immediate attention and remediation.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-28959
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.3)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Md Yeasin Ul Haider URL Shortener | n/a through 3.0.7
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command (commonly known as SQL Injection) within Md Yeasin Ul Haider URL Shortener. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious SQL statements into the application, which could then be executed by the SQL database. The successful execution of these SQL commands could lead to unauthorized read, modify, or delete operations on the database, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a simple HTTP request where the attacker includes a malicious SQL statement in the payload.
POST /shorten URL HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
url=www.safeurl.com'+UNION+SELECT+username,password+FROM+users+WHERE+'a'='aIn this example, the malicious SQL statement `UNION SELECT username,password FROM users WHERE ‘a’=’a` is appended to a legitimate URL. If this request is processed by the vulnerable URL Shortener, it could potentially return a list of usernames and passwords from the users’ table.
Recommended Mitigation
The primary mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-supplied patch. If this is not immediately possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation against potential attacks. Furthermore, it is always a good practice to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries to prevent SQL Injection vulnerabilities.