CVE-2025-2105: PHP Object Injection Vulnerability in Jupiter X Core Plugin for WordPress

Overview

In this blog post, we delve deep into the CVE-2025-2105 vulnerability, a critical flaw discovered in the Jupiter X Core plugin for WordPress. This plugin is widely used by WordPress developers, making the potential impact of this vulnerability significant. The flaw allows for PHP Object Injection via deserialization of untrusted input, giving attackers the potential to execute malicious actions including deletion of arbitrary files, data retrieval, or code execution. This vulnerability underscores the importance of regular security audits and updates in order to protect your WordPress sites from threats.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-2105
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Contributor-level user
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Jupiter X Core Plugin for WordPress | Up to, and including, 4.8.11

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the ‘raven_download_file’ function within the Jupiter X Core plugin for WordPress. The ‘file’ parameter of this function is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection through a PHAR file. This allows an attacker to inject a PHP Object into the system.
However, for this vulnerability to have any impact, a PHP Object Oriented Programming (POP) chain needs to be present. This can be introduced via an additional plugin or theme that’s installed on the site. If a POP chain is present, an attacker can perform actions like deleting arbitrary files, retrieving sensitive data, or executing code, depending on the nature of the POP chain.
In simpler terms, an attacker could potentially manipulate an existing form on the site, if one is present, and if the ability to upload files is also present. If these conditions aren’t met, a Contributor-level user or above could create the necessary form to exploit this vulnerability.

Conceptual Example Code

The below conceptual example demonstrates how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=raven_download_file HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "file": "phar://uploads/malicious_file.phar" }

In this example, an attacker uploads a malicious PHAR file and then makes a POST request to the ‘raven_download_file’ function, passing the path of the uploaded PHAR file as a ‘file’ parameter. This leads to the deserialization of the malicious PHP Object, which could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage if a POP chain is present.
As a mitigation measure, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch or use Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary solution. Regular audits and updates are key to safeguarding your WordPress site from such vulnerabilities.