Author: Ameeba

CVE-2025-55118: Memory Corruption Vulnerability in Control-M/Agent
Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is a battlefield, with new vulnerabilities being discovered regularly. One such vulnerability, CVE-2025-55118, has emerged in Control-M/Agent, a widely used application in enterprise environments. This vulnerability is of particular concern due to its ability to be remotely triggered, leading to memory corruption when SSL/TLS communication is configured under specific settings. This blog post aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the vulnerability, its potential impact, and the steps necessary for mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-55118
Severity: High (8.9 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Control-M/Agent | 9.0.20 when SSL/TLS configuration is set to “use_openssl=n”
Control-M/Agent | 9.0.21 and 9.0.22 when Agent router configuration uses “JAVA_AR=N” and “use_openssl=n”

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a specific configuration within the SSL/TLS communication settings of Control-M/Agent. When the “use_openssl=n” setting is enabled, or when the Agent router has the “JAVA_AR=N” and “use_openssl=n” settings activated, memory corruption can be remotely triggered. This corruption can potentially lead to a full system compromise or data leakage, making it a critical vulnerability that requires immediate attention.

Conceptual Example Code

Although the exact exploit code is not available due to its sensitive nature, a conceptual example would follow this general pattern:
```
POST /controlM/agent/trigger HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "config_settings": { "use_openssl": "n", "JAVA_AR": "N" },
"payload": "malicious_memory_corruption_code_here" }
```
In this hypothetical exploit, a malicious actor sends a specially crafted payload to the target system. The payload is designed to trigger memory corruption in the Control-M/Agent under the vulnerable configuration.

Mitigation

The most effective way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. If the patch cannot be immediately applied, a WAF (Web Application Firewall) or IDS (Intrusion Detection System) can be used as a temporary mitigation method. It is recommended to always keep your systems updated and to regularly monitor and review your system configurations to prevent such vulnerabilities from being exploited.
Stay vigilant, stay secure.
September 23, 2025
CVE-2025-55113: A High-Risk Vulnerability in Access Control List Enforcement in Control-M/Agent
Overview

The CVE-2025-55113 vulnerability is a serious, high-risk issue that directly affects users of the Control-M/Agent software, specifically versions 9.0.18 to 9.0.20 and potentially earlier unsupported versions. It is related to the enforcement of the Access Control List (ACL) by the Control-M/Agent, specifically when the C router is in use. This vulnerability is particularly significant due to its potential to allow an attacker to bypass configured ACLs using a specially crafted certificate, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-55113
Severity: High Risk (CVSS: 9.0)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Control-M/Agent | 9.0.18 – 9.0.20 (and potentially earlier unsupported versions)

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from how the Access Control List (ACL) is enforced by the Control-M/Agent when the C router is in use. Specifically, verification stops at the first NULL byte encountered in the email address referenced in the client certificate. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by using a specially crafted certificate with a null byte, which could potentially allow them to bypass the configured ACLs.

Conceptual Example Code

A potential exploitation of this vulnerability might look like the following, where the attacker uses a specially crafted certificate with a NULL byte in the email address:
```
openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -days 365 -nodes -x509 -keyout server.key -out server.crt -subj /C=US/ST=Denial/L=Springfield/O=Dis/CN=www.example.com/emailAddress=attacker\0@example.com
```
In this example, the email address `attackerIn this example, the email address `attacker\0@example.com` includes a NULL byte (`\0`), which could cause the verification process to stop, allowing the attacker to potentially bypass the ACLs@example.com` includes a NULL byte (`In this example, the email address `attacker\0@example.com` includes a NULL byte (`\0`), which could cause the verification process to stop, allowing the attacker to potentially bypass the ACLs`), which could cause the verification process to stop, allowing the attacker to potentially bypass the ACLs. Note that this is a conceptual and simplified example, and actual exploitation of the vulnerability would likely involve more complex steps.

Recommendations for Mitigation

It’s recommended to apply the vendor’s patch to address this vulnerability. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation strategy can help protect against potential attacks.
However, these measures should not be considered a long-term solution since they may not fully protect against all possible exploitation scenarios. Therefore, updating the software to a version where the vulnerability is fixed is the best course of action.
September 23, 2025
CVE-2024-13149: Critical SQL Injection Vulnerability in Arma Store Armalife
Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has recently disclosed a critical vulnerability, dubbed as CVE-2024-13149, affecting Arma Store’s Armalife. This vulnerability is of high significance due to its potential to compromise systems and leak sensitive data. SQL Injection vulnerabilities are notable for their potential to allow attackers to manipulate the underlying SQL database, creating a significant risk for affected systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-13149
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, Data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Arma Store Armalife | All versions through 20250916

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command. An attacker can exploit this by sending maliciously crafted SQL queries to the affected application. The application does not sufficiently sanitize the user-supplied data before adding it to an SQL query. This allows an attacker to manipulate the structure of the SQL query and execute arbitrary SQL commands.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. In this case, a malicious actor sends a POST request with malicious SQL commands embedded in the payload:
```
POST /arma_store/armalife HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
username=validuser&password=validpassword' OR '1'='1
```
In this example, the “OR ‘1’=’1” part is the SQL injection. If the application is vulnerable, it may interpret this as a valid SQL command, potentially allowing the attacker to bypass authentication or retrieve sensitive data.

Mitigation and Vendor Response

As of now, the vendor has not informed about the completion of the fixing process within the specified time. However, as a temporary mitigation, users are advised to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it becomes available or use Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to filter out malicious SQL queries. Additionally, employing secure coding practices to neutralize special characters in user-supplied input can also be an effective mitigation strategy against such SQL injection vulnerabilities.
Please note that this post will be updated as soon as new information about the vulnerability becomes available.
September 23, 2025
CVE-2025-8276: Critical Injection Vulnerability in Patika Global Technologies HumanSuite
Overview

In the rapidly evolving landscape of cybersecurity, vulnerabilities can quickly become a critical concern for businesses and organizations. A notable vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-8276 has been recently discovered in the HumanSuite software developed by Patika Global Technologies. This vulnerability carries an alarming CVSS Severity Score of 9.8, indicative of its critical nature and the potential for significant impact. It primarily affects those who use HumanSuite software versions before 53.21.0.
The importance of addressing this issue promptly cannot be overstressed, as a successful exploit could lead to system compromise or data leakage, posing a considerable threat to the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the affected systems. The discovery and public disclosure of such vulnerabilities help organizations take immediate steps to mitigate potential risks and safeguard their systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-8276
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Patika Global Technologies HumanSuite | Versions before 53.21.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability CVE-2025-8276 in HumanSuite arises from multiple injection flaws. Specifically, it involves improper encoding or escaping of output, improper neutralization of special elements in output used by a downstream component (‘Injection’), improper neutralization of argument delimiters in a command (‘Argument Injection’), and improper control of generation of code (‘Code Injection’).
This allows an attacker to manipulate input data, inject format strings, reflection inject, and inject code. These actions could potentially lead to compromised system integrity, availability, and confidentiality by enabling unauthorized access, disruption of services, or leakage of sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited using a malicious HTTP request:
```
POST /vulnerable_endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"user_input": "; DROP TABLE users; --"
}
```
In this example, the attacker sends a JSON payload with SQL code designed to drop the “users” table from the database. The improperly sanitized user input is executed by the server, leading to a SQL Injection attack, one of the potential exploits of this vulnerability.
It is important to note that this is a conceptual example, and real-world attacks can be much more sophisticated and damaging.

Mitigation and Prevention

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations are advised to apply the vendor patch immediately. Patika Global Technologies has released a patch for HumanSuite version 53.21.0 to address this issue.
In the absence of an immediate patch application, organizations can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation methods. These tools can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. However, they serve as a temporary solution and may not fully protect the system from all possible exploitation methods. Therefore, applying the vendor patch as soon as possible is the most recommended solution.
September 23, 2025
CVE-2025-57119: Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in Online Library Management System v.3.0
Overview

The cybersecurity community has identified a critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-57119, in the Online Library Management System v.3.0. This vulnerability allows an attacker to escalate their privileges through the adminlogin.php component and the Login function. The potential impact of successfully exploiting this vulnerability includes system compromise and data leakage, putting the integrity of the system and confidentiality of data at risk. As such, institutions using this system, such as libraries, universities, and research institutions, need to be aware of this issue and take necessary remediation steps promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-57119
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Online Library Management System | v.3.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the adminlogin.php component and the Login function of the Online Library Management System v.3.0. An attacker, by crafting a malicious payload, could manipulate the login process to gain escalated privileges. Once this is achieved, they could perform actions that are typically reserved for administrators, such as altering system settings, accessing sensitive data, or compromising the system entirely.

Conceptual Example Code

Assume the attacker has some level of access to the system. They might then exploit this vulnerability by sending a malicious HTTP POST request like the one below:
```
POST /adminlogin.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
username=admin&password=malicious_payload
```
In this example, the attacker attempts to log in as an admin by injecting a malicious payload into the password field. If successful, the attacker could gain admin privileges and compromise the system.

Mitigation Guidance

Affected users are strongly advised to apply the vendor-released patch as soon as possible. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) should be used as a temporary mitigation measure. These systems can detect and block malicious requests, helping to protect the system until the patch can be applied. However, it is essential to note that this is a temporary solution and applying the patch is the best way to secure the system against this critical vulnerability.
September 23, 2025
CVE-2025-41243: Critical Vulnerability in Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux
Overview

A critical vulnerability has been identified in the Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux, which may leave applications susceptible to Spring Environment property modification. Applications using this server alongside specific dependencies and configurations are at risk. If exploited, this vulnerability could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. Given the CVSS severity score of 10.0, it’s crucial for organizations to understand, identify, and mitigate this vulnerability promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-41243
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 10.0)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux | All versions with Spring Boot actuator as a dependency

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability arises when an application is using the Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux, the Spring Boot actuator is a dependency, and the Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux actuator web endpoint is enabled via management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=gateway.
When the actuator endpoints are unsecured and available to attackers, they can modify the Spring Environment properties. This manipulation can have multiple implications, allowing attackers to change the application’s behavior or access sensitive data, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This might be an HTTP request sent by an attacker:
```
POST /actuator/env HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"name": "SPRING_PROPERTY",
"value": "malicious_value"
}
```
An attacker could send a POST request to the /actuator/env endpoint to modify a Spring Environment property. This modification could lead to unintended application behavior or sensitive data exposure.
To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch immediately. If this is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. However, these should not replace the necessity of patching and securing the application properly.
September 23, 2025
CVE-2025-43358: Permissions Issue in macOS, iOS, and iPadOS enabling Sandbox Restriction Bypass
Overview

In this post, we delve into the details of a recently identified vulnerability, CVE-2025-43358, which poses a significant threat to a wide range of Apple devices running on macOS, iOS, and iPadOS. This is a particularly serious issue due to the potential for system compromise or data leakage. As a permissions issue that allows shortcuts to bypass sandbox restrictions, it has wide-ranging implications for Apple users and developers alike, making it a critical focus for cybersecurity efforts.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-43358
Severity: High (8.8 on CVSS)
Attack Vector: Local (Inferred from the vulnerability description)
Privileges Required: None (Inferred from the vulnerability description)
User Interaction: Required (Inferred from the nature of the exploit)
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

macOS Sequoia | Versions prior to 15.7
macOS Sonoma | Versions prior to 14.8
iOS | Versions prior to 18.7 and 26
iPadOS | Versions prior to 18.7 and 26
macOS Tahoe | Versions prior to 26

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-43358 vulnerability stems from a permissions issue within the software’s sandboxing mechanism. In computing, a sandbox is a security mechanism that separates running programs in order to prevent malicious or malfunctioning software from damaging or snooping on the rest of the system.
The vulnerability in question allows a shortcut to bypass these sandbox restrictions. This bypass could potentially provide an attacker with unauthorized access to sensitive data or even control over the whole system, depending on the permissions tied to the exploited shortcut and the extent to which the sandboxing mechanism is bypassed.

Conceptual Example Code

Given the nature of this vulnerability, a conceptual example would involve an attacker tricking a user into running a malicious shortcut that takes advantage of the sandbox bypass. This could potentially be achieved through social engineering or by embedding the shortcut in a seemingly harmless application.
Please note that this is a conceptual example and not an actual exploit code.
```
#!/bin/bash
# This is a conceptual malicious shortcut
echo "Running harmless operation..."
# The next command is where the exploit happens. It is not specified here for ethical reasons.
# Imagine a command here that takes advantage of the sandbox bypass to perform a malicious operation.
```
September 23, 2025
CVE-2025-55109: Authentication Bypass Vulnerability in Control-M/Agent
Overview

This blog post examines CVE-2025-55109, a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in the out-of-support Control-M/Agent versions 9.0.18 to 9.0.20 and potentially earlier unsupported versions. This vulnerability presents a significant risk to organizations that use this software, as it allows an attacker with access to a signed third-party or demo certificate for client authentication to bypass the need for a certificate signed by the certificate authority of the organization during authentication on the Control-M/Agent. This can potentially lead to unauthorized access, system compromise, or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-55109
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.0)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Control-M/Agent | 9.0.18 to 9.0.20

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the way the Control-M/Agent handles certificates for client authentication. The software contains hardcoded certificates which are only trusted as fallback if an empty kdb keystore is used. If a PKCS#12 keystore is used, these certificates are never trusted. However, all of these certificates are now expired.
Furthermore, the Control-M/Agent default kdb and PKCS#12 keystores contain trusted third-party certificates (external recognized CAs and default self-signed demo certificates) which are trusted for client authentication. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by presenting a signed third-party or demo certificate to bypass the need for a certificate signed by the certificate authority of the organization during authentication on the Control-M/Agent.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. It is a simplified version of an authentication request where a malicious actor uses a signed third-party or demo certificate instead of a certificate signed by the organization’s certificate authority.
```
POST /ControlM/AgentAuthentication HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"ClientCertificate": "SignedThirdPartyOrDemoCertificate",
"AuthenticationPayload": "..."
}
```
In this example, `SignedThirdPartyOrDemoCertificate` represents the signed third-party or demo certificate used by the attacker to bypass authentication, and `AuthenticationPayload` is a placeholder for the actual authentication payload.
September 23, 2025
CVE-2025-43329: Critical Permissions Issue in Apple Operating Systems
Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is replete with threats, but few are as concerning as CVE-2025-43329. This vulnerability, which has been identified as a permissions issue, affects a broad range of Apple’s operating systems, including watchOS 26, tvOS 26, macOS Tahoe 26, iOS 26, and iPadOS 26. The vulnerability poses a significant risk since an app may be able to break out of its sandbox, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage. Given the prevalence of Apple devices worldwide, this vulnerability could have widespread impacts if not addressed promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-43329
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

watchOS | 26
tvOS | 26
macOS Tahoe | 26
iOS | 26
iPadOS | 26

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability hinges on an app’s ability to break out of its sandbox, the mechanism that restricts an app’s access to system resources. The sandbox is designed to limit the damage that a rogue app can do, but CVE-2025-43329 allows an app to circumvent these restrictions. While the specifics of the exploit are not publicly available, it is reasonable to infer that manipulation of permissions could be involved, allowing an app to gain unauthorized access to system resources or user data.

Conceptual Example Code

Given the lack of specific details about the exploit, it’s not possible to provide an accurate example of malicious code. However, the following pseudocode illustrates the general concept behind an app escaping from a sandbox:
```
def exploit(cve_2025_43329_vulnerability):
if check_vulnerability(cve_2025_43329_vulnerability):
manipulate_permissions()
gain_full_system_access()
compromise_system_or_leak_data()
```
In this conceptual example, the exploit checks for the presence of the vulnerability, manipulates permissions to gain full system access, and then carries out its malicious activities. It’s crucial to note that this is a conceptual example only, and real-world exploits would be far more complex and tailored to the specific systems and applications in use.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective mitigation for CVE-2025-43329 is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Apple has addressed this issue in their latest versions of watchOS, tvOS, macOS Tahoe, iOS, and iPadOS. For those unable to apply the patch immediately, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation, helping to detect and block exploit attempts.
September 23, 2025
CVE-2025-7743: Critical Cleartext Transmission Vulnerability in Dolusoft Omaspot
Overview

This blog post provides an in-depth analysis of a significant security vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-7743. This vulnerability exists in the Omaspot software developed by Dolusoft, affecting versions before 12.09.2025. The vulnerability pertains to the cleartext transmission of sensitive information, thereby exposing potential attack vectors for interception and privilege escalation. This issue is of critical importance due to the potential for system compromise or data leakage, leading to severe consequences for the user base and the reputation of the software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7743
Severity: Critical (9.6/10 on CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Dolusoft Omaspot | Versions Before 12.09.2025

How the Exploit Works

For the vulnerability to be exploited, an attacker needs to intercept the network communications involving the Dolusoft Omaspot software. As the software transmits sensitive data in cleartext, the attacker can easily read, steal or manipulate this data. Subsequently, the attacker can use this information to escalate their privileges within the system, gaining access to restricted resources or potentially compromising the entire system.

Conceptual Example Code

The conceptual example below shows how an attacker might intercept a transmission and exploit the vulnerability:
```
GET /sensitive/data/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
// Attacker intercepts the following cleartext response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
{ "username": "exampleuser", "password": "examplepassword" }
```
In this example, the attacker intercepts the response containing sensitive data (i.e., username and password) sent in cleartext. This vulnerability, therefore, provides the attacker with the necessary credentials to escalate privileges or compromise the system.

Recommended Mitigation Strategy

Dolusoft has released a patch addressing this vulnerability, and it is highly recommended for users to apply this patch immediately. If applying the patch is not immediately feasible, users may temporarily mitigate the risk by implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. However, these are temporary solutions and do not substitute for the vendor’s patch.
September 23, 2025