Author: Ameeba

Overview

A newly identified vulnerability, CVE-2025-5978, has been discovered in Tenda FH1202 1.2.0.14, an interface widely used by organizations globally. The vulnerability, which is deemed critical, is located in the fromVirtualSer function of the /goform/VirtualSer file. This vulnerability is of great significance due to its potential to allow an attacker to launch a remote attack, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. This subsequently poses a considerable risk of a system compromise or possible data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5978
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda FH1202 | 1.2.0.14

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to manipulate the ‘page’ argument in the fromVirtualSer function. By sending a specially crafted request, the attacker can overflow the stack buffer, potentially gaining unauthorized access to sensitive information or compromising the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attack exploiting this vulnerability might be carried out. This illustrative HTTP request manipulates the ‘page’ argument, leading to a potential stack-based buffer overflow.

POST /goform/VirtualSer HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "page": "A"*1024 }

In this example, the “A”*1024 represents an oversized argument value, designed to overflow the buffer.

Mitigation Guidance

Affected users are advised to apply a vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, utilizing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary mitigation against potential attacks exploiting this vulnerability. These systems can be configured to block or alert on suspicious requests that could be indicative of an attack.

Overview

The MicroDicom DICOM Viewer, a widely used software for viewing and analyzing medical images, has been found to possess a critical vulnerability termed as CVE-2025-5943. This flaw exposes the system to potential remote attacks, which, if successfully exploited, can lead to system compromise or data leakage. The gravity of this issue is amplified by the sensitive nature of the data often handled by this software, making it a matter of utmost concern for healthcare organizations and professionals using the software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5943
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

MicroDicom DICOM Viewer | All versions prior to the patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from an out-of-bounds write error in the MicroDicom DICOM Viewer. This error can be exploited by a remote attacker to inject arbitrary code into the system. The attacker can craft a malicious DICOM file or construct a harmful website targeting this vulnerability. When the user interacts with either of these – by opening the file or visiting the website – the arbitrary code gets executed, potentially compromising the system or leading to a data breach.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of how this vulnerability could be exploited might be a DICOM file with a specially crafted malicious payload. Below is a simplified representation of this concept:

POST /upload DICOM File HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/dicom
{ "malicious_payload": "injected_code" }

In the example above, an HTTP POST request is made to upload a DICOM file. The “malicious_payload” is the injected code that takes advantage of the out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the DICOM Viewer. When the user opens this file, the malicious code gets executed.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the risk posed by this vulnerability, users are strongly advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. Regularly updating and patching the software, and avoiding opening DICOM files from untrusted sources, can also help in reducing the risk of exploitation.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving, and a new vulnerability, classified as critical, has been identified in the D-Link DIR-632 FW103B08. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-5969, affects an unsupported product, increasing the risk for users who are still using it. Given the severity of this vulnerability, it is important to understand its implications, who it affects, and how it can be mitigated. This vulnerability is significant due to its potential for system compromise and data leakage, and the fact that it can be exploited remotely, increasing the pool of potential attackers.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5969
Severity: Critical – CVSS Severity Score: 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-632 FW103B08 | All versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is a stack-based buffer overflow issue found in the function FUN_00425fd8 of the file /biurl_grou of the HTTP POST Request Handler. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted HTTP POST request to the affected device, which will cause an overflow in the stack buffer. This overflow can allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the device, thus compromising the system and potentially leading to data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is an example of a malicious HTTP POST request:

POST /biurl_grou HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
data=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

In this example, the ‘data’ parameter is filled with an excessive number of characters (‘A’ in this case), causing a buffer overflow.

Recommended Mitigation

Mitigation of this vulnerability involves applying the patch provided by the vendor. However, since the product is no longer supported by the maintainer, users of the affected product are strongly recommended to upgrade to a supported version. As a temporary mitigation, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

CVE-2025-47172 represents a significant security vulnerability discovered in Microsoft Office SharePoint that could potentially compromise system security or lead to data leakage. It is a Serious SQL Injection vulnerability that allows authorized attackers to execute arbitrary code over a network. The vulnerability could affect any organization or individual using vulnerable versions of Microsoft Office SharePoint. It’s crucial to understand the details of this vulnerability to ensure your systems are protected effectively.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-47172
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Microsoft Office SharePoint | All versions before the latest patch

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability stems from Microsoft Office SharePoint’s improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands. An authorized attacker can craft malicious SQL commands, which the vulnerable SharePoint system will execute without proper sanitization, leading to SQL Injection. This could allow the attacker to manipulate the database, alter data, or even execute code at the system level, leading to a potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of a crafted HTTP request that exploits this vulnerability:

POST /_vti_bin/Lists.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
SOAPAction: "http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/UpdateListItems"
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soap:Body>
<UpdateListItems xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/">
<listName>Vulnerable List</listName>
<updates>
<Batch OnError="Continue">
<Method ID="1" Cmd="Update">
<Field Name="ID">1'; DROP TABLE Vulnerable Table; --</Field>
<Field Name="Title">Injected Title</Field>
</Method>
</Batch>
</updates>
</UpdateListItems>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

In the above example, the attacker is injecting a malicious SQL command ‘DROP TABLE Vulnerable Table’ into the ID field, which would result in the deletion of the ‘Vulnerable Table’ from the SharePoint database if executed.

Recommendations

To mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability, the primary recommendation is to apply the official patch provided by the vendor, Microsoft, as soon as possible. If immediate patching is not feasible, consider deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Furthermore, it is advisable to limit the privileges of SharePoint users and regularly monitor SharePoint servers for any suspicious activity.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is riddled with a multitude of vulnerabilities that can lead to potential system compromise or data leakage. One such vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-47166, has been identified in Microsoft Office SharePoint. This vulnerability stems from the deserialization of untrusted data, allowing an authorized attacker to execute code over a network. Notably, this vulnerability impacts numerous organizations worldwide that leverage SharePoint for their business operations. It is vital for these organizations to understand and address this critical security flaw to mitigate potential cyber threats.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-47166
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Microsoft Office SharePoint | [Assumed all versions until specific data available]

How the Exploit Works

The exploit leverages the deserialization vulnerability in Microsoft Office SharePoint. Deserialization is the process of converting a stream of bytes back into a copy of the original object. In this case, an authorized attacker can insert malicious serialized data that, when deserialized, can execute arbitrary code. This is possible because SharePoint does not correctly validate or sanitize the serialized data it receives over the network.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual representation of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This hypothetical HTTP request could be sent by an attacker to exploit the vulnerability:

POST /SharePoint/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/serialized-object
{ "serialized_object": "base64_encoded_malicious_object" }

In this case, `base64_encoded_malicious_object` represents a serialized object that contains malicious code. When the SharePoint server deserializes this object, it could potentially execute the embedded malicious code, leading to a system compromise or data leakage.

Mitigation Guidance

While Microsoft is likely to release a patch to address this vulnerability, organizations are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. As an interim measure, organizations could employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and prevent exploitation attempts. Other best practices include restricting network access to the SharePoint server and regularly updating all software components.
Remember, staying informed about the latest cybersecurity threats and implementing appropriate security measures is crucial for maintaining a secure IT environment.

Overview

Cybersecurity vulnerabilities come in various forms, and one of the most significant is deserialization of untrusted data. Microsoft Office SharePoint CVE-2025-47163 is a high-risk vulnerability that allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network. This vulnerability primarily affects users of Microsoft SharePoint, a web-based collaborative platform that integrates with Microsoft Office.
The severity of this vulnerability is underscored by the potential for system compromise or data leakage. In a world increasingly reliant on digital communication and data storage, such a vulnerability could have catastrophic impacts on businesses and individuals alike. It is therefore crucial to understand and mitigate this vulnerability.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-47163
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Authorized Access)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Microsoft SharePoint | All unpatched versions

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists due to improper deserialization of untrusted data in Microsoft SharePoint. Deserialization is the process of converting data from a format suitable for storage or transmission back into an object. However, if an attacker can control the serialized data, they can manipulate it to execute arbitrary code when the data is deserialized.
In the case of CVE-2025-47163, an attacker with authorized access to the network could exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted serialized object to Microsoft SharePoint. When SharePoint deserializes the object, the attacker’s code would be executed, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a highly simplified example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability:

POST /_vti_bin/client.svc HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer malicious_serialized_object
{ "malicious_serialized_object": "..." }

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request to a vulnerable endpoint on the target SharePoint server. The malicious serialized object is included in the Authorization header and body. When the SharePoint server deserializes the object, it inadvertently executes the attacker’s code. It’s important to note that this is a conceptual example, and actual exploitation would likely be more complex and require a deep understanding of Microsoft SharePoint’s internals.
As a cybersecurity expert, I strongly recommend applying the vendor’s patch as soon as possible to prevent potential exploits. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, consider using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a significant security flaw labeled as CVE-2025-33073. This vulnerability pertains to the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol in Windows Operating Systems, which, due to improper access control, allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network. Considering the ubiquity of Windows operating systems in both corporate and personal settings, this vulnerability is of high concern. The consequences of successful exploit could be severe, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-33073
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Windows Server | 2012, 2016, 2019, 2022
Windows 10 | All versions

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability is based on improper access control in Windows SMB. An attacker, who has already gained initial access to the network, can exploit this flaw by sending specially crafted requests to the SMB server. These requests, due to the improper access control, are not adequately authenticated; hence, they allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges, potentially leading to a full system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This is not a real exploit code but a demonstration of the type of malicious activity that could occur.

# Attacker's machine
$ echo 'exploit_code' > malicious.smb
$ smbclient //target/malicious -U 'username%password' -c 'put malicious.smb'
# Target machine
$ smbclient //localhost/malicious -U 'username%password' -c 'get malicious.smb; exec malicious.smb'

In this example, the attacker crafts a malicious SMB file (`malicious.smb`) that contains exploit code. They then use the `smbclient` tool to upload this file to a shared SMB directory on the target machine. On the target machine, the malicious file is executed, leading to a privilege escalation.

Mitigation

Users are advised to apply the latest vendor patches as soon as they become available. In the interim, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation measures to detect and block suspicious network activities. Regularly updating and patching systems, along with continuous monitoring, are key to preventing such exploits.

Overview

CVE-2025-33066 is a significant cybersecurity vulnerability affecting the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). This vulnerability results from a heap-based buffer overflow, which can potentially allow unauthorized attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely over a network. Given the ubiquity of Windows operating systems in business and personal computing, this vulnerability presents substantial risks, potentially affecting a vast number of systems worldwide. It is critical that network administrators, cybersecurity professionals, and individual users understand the implications of this threat, how it operates, and what steps they can take to mitigate its effects.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-33066
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Possible system compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Windows RRAS | All current versions

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a heap-based buffer overflow in Windows RRAS. In essence, the attacker sends more data to the RRAS than it can handle, causing the excess data to overflow into adjacent memory space. This overflow can lead to unexpected behavior, such as crashes, incorrect operations, or in severe cases, arbitrary code execution. In this case, the overflow allows the attacker to execute code remotely, potentially gaining unauthorized access to the system.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted packet to the RRAS. A conceptual representation of this might look like:

POST /RRAS/OverflowTrigger HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
{ "malicious_payload": "OVERFLOW DATA + EXPLOIT CODE" }

In this conceptual example, “OVERFLOW DATA + EXPLOIT CODE” represents the data that causes the buffer overflow and the malicious code that will be executed as a result.

Mitigation

The recommended mitigation for CVE-2025-33066 is to apply the vendor-provided patch, which addresses the buffer overflow issue. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation by detecting and blocking exploit attempts. However, these are not long-term solutions, and the vendor patch should be applied as soon as possible to fully resolve the vulnerability.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures system has recently identified a significant vulnerability, CVE-2025-33064, impacting the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). This security weakness, classified as a heap-based buffer overflow, presents a serious threat to all systems utilizing the affected service. Buffer overflow vulnerabilities are notorious for their potential to allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the compromised system, leading to potentially critical data leakage or system compromise.
The severity of CVE-2025-33064 is underlined by its CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) score of 8.8, indicating its high risk to organizations and individuals. This vulnerability is particularly concerning due to the widespread use of Windows RRAS in both enterprise and personal environments.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-33064
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Windows Routing and Remote Access Service | All versions prior to the patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Windows RRAS. This type of vulnerability occurs when data is written to a buffer and exceeds its capacity, causing the excess data to “overflow” into adjacent memory spaces. In this case, an attacker could send specially crafted data packets to the RRAS, causing the service to overflow its buffer and allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges on the system.

Conceptual Example Code

A hypothetical example might involve an attacker sending a malicious packet to the RRAS, which could look something like this:

POST /RRAS/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
{ "data": "A".repeat(10000) } //This is a conceptual example. The 'A' character is repeated many times to overflow the buffer.

In this conceptual example, the attacker sends a large amount of data (represented by the repeated ‘A’ character) to the RRAS endpoint, causing the service’s buffer to overflow and potentially allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code.
Please note that this is a simplified and conceptual representation of how the exploit might be carried out. Actual exploits would likely involve complex manipulation of the overflowed buffer to execute specific malicious instructions.

Mitigation Guidance

The most effective solution to address this vulnerability is to apply the patch provided by the vendor. If this is not immediately possible, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) may provide temporary mitigation. However, these should not be considered long-term solutions, as they may not fully prevent exploitation of the vulnerability. All users of the affected service are strongly encouraged to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as possible.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving, and keeping up with the latest threats is crucial for maintaining a robust defense. A recent vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-33053, has been discovered that affects WebDAV, a set of HTTP extensions used for collaborative management of files on web servers. This critical vulnerability allows an unauthorized attacker to exercise external control over a file name or path, potentially leading to code execution over a network. Given the severity and widespread use of WebDAV, understanding and mitigating this vulnerability is of utmost importance.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-33053
Severity: Critical (CVSS Score: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WebDAV | All versions prior to patch
Apache HTTP Server | Versions 2.4.39 and prior
Microsoft IIS | Versions 10.0 and prior

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability stems from improper validation of user-supplied input within the WebDAV protocol. When an attacker crafts a malicious request to a WebDAV server, they can manipulate the file name or path that the server interacts with. This allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Consider the following conceptual example of the vulnerability being exploited:

PROPFIND / HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Depth: 1
Content-Type: text/xml; charset="utf-8"
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<a:propfind xmlns:a="DAV:">
<a:prop>
<a:getcontentlength/>
<a:getlastmodified/>
<a:resourcetype/>
<a:creationdate/>
<a:getetag/>
</a:prop>
</a:propfind>

In this example, the PROPFIND method, which is used to retrieve properties for a resource on a WebDAV server, could be manipulated by an attacker. By exploiting the vulnerability, the attacker could potentially control the paths or filenames that the server interacts with, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Recommended Mitigation Strategies

To mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-33053, users are advised to apply the latest vendor-provided patches to their WebDAV servers. If a patch is not yet available or cannot be applied immediately, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. These can help to monitor the network for signs of any exploit attempts and block malicious traffic.