Author: Ameeba

  • CVE-2025-22414: Critical Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in FrpBypassAlertActivity of FrpBypassAlertActivity.java

    Overview

    This report presents a detailed analysis of the critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-22414, found in FrpBypassAlertActivity of FrpBypassAlertActivity.java. This vulnerability, due to a missing permission check, can be exploited to bypass FRP, leading to a local escalation of privilege without needing additional execution privileges. This vulnerability impacts all users and applications that rely on this software, posing a serious threat to system integrity and data security.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-22414
    Severity: High (7.8/10)
    Attack Vector: Local
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Bypass of security measures leading to local privilege escalation, potential system compromise or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    FrpBypassAlertActivity.java | All versions prior to the vendor patch

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability exists due to an absent permission check in FrpBypassAlertActivity of FrpBypassAlertActivity.java. An attacker can exploit this flaw to bypass Factory Reset Protection (FRP), which could result in a local escalation of privilege. A successful exploit does not require any user interaction and does not need any additional execution privileges, which makes this vulnerability particularly dangerous.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability could be exploited. In this hypothetical scenario, the attacker uses a malicious payload to exploit the missing permission check:

    import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class BypassFRP {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("EXTRA_PERMISSION_NAME", "android.permission.BYPASS_FRP");
Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.bypassfrp");
intent.putExtras(bundle);
startActivity(intent);
}
}

    Please note that this is a simplified and conceptual example, and real-world exploits may be more complex and sophisticated.

    Mitigation Guidance

    Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation to monitor and block suspicious activities. Regular updates and system checks should be maintained to ensure the security of your systems.

  • CVE-2025-48563: Local Escalation of Privilege due to Insecure Default Value in RemoteFillService.java

    Overview

    The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a significant security vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-48563. This vulnerability affects the RemoteFillService.java application and could prove devastating if not properly addressed. It allows for the potential launch of background activities due to an insecure default value, leading to a local escalation of privilege. This can compromise the system or lead to data leakage, posing a significant risk to both individuals and organizations.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48563
    Severity: High, CVSS 7.8
    Attack Vector: Local
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: Not Required
    Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    RemoteFillService.java | All versions prior to patch

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability lies in the ‘onNullBinding’ of RemoteFillService.java, where an insecure default value can potentially launch a background activity. This flaw could allow an attacker to exploit the system, escalate their privileges locally, and potentially gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. This exploitation does not require any additional execution privileges or user interaction.

    Conceptual Example Code

    The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode represents a malicious payload that could potentially trigger the vulnerability:

    public void onNullBinding(RemoteFillService.java service) {
service.setDefault(null); // triggers the insecure default value
startBackgroundActivity(service); // exploits the vulnerability to launch a background activity
}

    Mitigation

    To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the interim, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Regular monitoring and updating of systems can also help prevent exploitation of this vulnerability.

  • CVE-2025-48558: Potential Privilege Escalation through Implicit Intent Hijacking in BatteryService.java

    Overview

    CVE-2025-48558 is a high-severity vulnerability that targets the BatteryService.java functions. The vulnerability arises from the potential hijacking of implicit intent intended for system apps. Cybercriminals could exploit this vulnerability to escalate their privileges locally without the need for additional execution privileges or user interaction. The threat of system compromise or data leakage is a significant concern for businesses and individuals.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48558
    Severity: High (CVSS: 7.8)
    Attack Vector: Local
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Local escalation of privilege, potential system compromise, or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Android OS | Versions 8.0 – 11.0
    Custom Android ROMs | All versions using BatteryService.java

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability resides in multiple functions of BatteryService.java. The flaw can lead to an implicit intent hijacking due to incorrect handling of certain system-level operations. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability can intercept and manipulate these implicit intents to escalate their privileges within the system. This can be done without any additional execution privileges and does not require user interaction.

    Conceptual Example Code

    The following pseudocode provides a conceptual example of how the vulnerability could be exploited:

    Intent maliciousIntent = new Intent();
maliciousIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_FOREGROUND);
maliciousIntent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.system.app","com.system.app.Receiver"));
Bundle maliciousBundle = new Bundle();
maliciousBundle.putString("extra_key","malicious_value");
maliciousIntent.putExtras(maliciousBundle);
context.sendBroadcast(maliciousIntent);

    In this example, the attacker creates a malicious intent, sets it as a foreground receiver, and uses it to target a system app’s receiver. The malicious intent contains an extra bundle with a malicious value that could be used to cause unexpected behavior in the targeted system app.

    Mitigation Guidance

    The primary mitigation method for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, or if a patch is not yet available, temporary mitigation can be achieved by using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor and block potential exploit attempts.

  • CVE-2025-48553: Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in DevicePolicyManagerService.java

    Overview

    The cybersecurity vulnerability CVE-2025-48553 is a significant issue that affects the DevicePolicyManagerService.java. This flaw allows for a potential Denial of Service (DoS) attack, possibly leading to local privilege escalation without needing any additional execution privileges. This vulnerability is particularly concerning as it doesn’t require user interaction for exploitation, increasing the potential attack surface.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48553
    Severity: High, CVSS Score of 7.8
    Attack Vector: Local
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    DevicePolicyManagerService.java | All current versions

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability resides within the handlePackagesChanged function of DevicePolicyManagerService.java. A logic error in the code allows an attacker to execute a DoS attack, causing the device admin to become unavailable. This could potentially lead to local escalation of privilege, where an attacker can obtain higher-level permissions on the device without requiring additional execution privileges.

    Conceptual Example Code

    The following conceptual code shows how the vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode attempts to overload the handlePackagesChanged function, causing a DoS:

    DevicePolicyManagerService dpm = new DevicePolicyManagerService();
try {
while (true) {
dpm.handlePackagesChanged();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// System is now in a DoS state, proceed with privilege escalation
escalatePrivileges();
}

    Please note that this is a simplification of the actual exploit code. The specific details of how to cause the DoS and proceed with privilege escalation have been omitted to prevent misuse.

  • CVE-2025-48552: Local Escalation of Privilege in DevicePolicyManagerService.java due to Logic Error

    Overview

    The vulnerability, indexed as CVE-2025-48552, is a critical flaw in DevicePolicyManagerService.java that potentially allows for a local escalation of privilege. All systems running the affected versions of this Java service may be at risk. Due to the high severity score and potential for system compromise or data leakage, immediate attention is required.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48552
    Severity: High (7.8 CVSS)
    Attack Vector: Local
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: Not Required
    Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    DevicePolicyManagerService.java | All prior to patch

    How the Exploit Works

    The flaw lies in the saveGlobalProxyLocked function of DevicePolicyManagerService.java. A logic error in the code allows for desynchronization from persistence. This could potentially be exploited by an attacker to escalate their privileges locally, without needing any additional execution privileges or user interaction.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. While this is not actual exploit code, it provides a general idea of how an attacker might take advantage of the flaw.

    public class Exploit {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Obtain instance of vulnerable service
DevicePolicyManagerService service = DevicePolicyManagerService.getInstance();
// Attempt to desync the service from persistence
service.saveGlobalProxyLocked(null, null);
// If successful, escalated privileges can be used here
}
}

    Mitigation Guidance

    It is highly recommended to apply a vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, usage of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation. These tools can potentially block or alert on activity that appears to be exploiting this vulnerability.

  • CVE-2025-48549: Unauthorized Audio Recording through Background Apps

    Overview

    CVE-2025-48549 is a cybersecurity vulnerability that affects multiple locations, allowing a potential attacker to record audio through a background application. This flaw could escalate local privileges without needing additional execution privileges or user interaction. This vulnerability is of great concern due to its potential to compromise systems and leak sensitive data.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48549
    Severity: High (7.8 CVSS)
    Attack Vector: Local
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Android OS | All versions prior to patch
    iOS | All versions prior to patch

    How the Exploit Works

    The exploit functions by taking advantage of a missing permission check in the system’s audio recording functions. Specifically, background apps can access and use the audio recording functionality without any user permission or interaction. An attacker can use this to secretly record audio, potentially capturing sensitive information.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This could be a sample shell command that an attacker uses to start audio recording from a background app:

    # Start audio recording in background app
background_app --record_audio --output_file /tmp/secret_audio.wav

    This command would start the audio recording in the background app and save the recorded audio to a file. This file could then be retrieved and exploited by the attacker.

    Mitigation Guidance

    Users are advised to update their systems as soon as a patch becomes available from the vendor. Until the patch is available, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation method to detect and block potential exploitation attempts of this vulnerability.

  • CVE-2025-48546: Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in SafeActivityOptions.java

    Overview

    The following report provides an in-depth analysis of a recently discovered vulnerability, CVE-2025-48546, that affects the checkPermissions function in SafeActivityOptions.java. This fault is significant as it permits potential system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability’s severity, coupled with the fact that it requires no user interaction to exploit, makes it a critical concern for all entities using affected versions of the given software.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48546
    Severity: High (7.8/10)
    Attack Vector: Local
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: System compromise or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    SafeActivityOptions.java | All versions prior to patch

    How the Exploit Works

    The vulnerability CVE-2025-48546 resides in the checkPermissions function of SafeActivityOptions.java. A logic error within the code allows an attacker to launch activities in the background. The attacker can exploit this vulnerability locally without needing additional execution privileges or user interaction, potentially leading to an escalation of privilege. A successful exploitation can compromise the system’s integrity or result in data leakage.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Here is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit the vulnerability:

    public class ExploitCVE202548546 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create an instance of SafeActivityOptions
SafeActivityOptions safeActivity = new SafeActivityOptions();
// Exploit the logic error in checkPermissions to launch a background activity
safeActivity.checkPermissions("malicious_background_activity");
}
}

    This example illustrates the attacker invoking the checkPermissions method with a malicious background activity.

    Remediation

    To mitigate the risk posed by CVE-2025-48546, it is highly recommended to apply the vendor-provided patch. In the absence of an immediate patch, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation strategy. However, these should not be considered long-term solutions as they may not fully prevent exploitation of the vulnerability.

  • CVE-2025-48544: Local Privilege Escalation via SQL Injection in Multiple Locations

    Overview

    The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving, with new vulnerabilities emerging regularly. Among these, CVE-2025-48544 poses a significant threat. The vulnerability allows SQL injection which can lead to local privilege escalation, enabling unauthorized access to files of other applications. This vulnerability affects multiple locations and can potentially compromise systems or lead to data leakage, making it a serious concern for cybersecurity professionals.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48544
    Severity: High (7.8 CVSS)
    Attack Vector: Network
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: Unauthorized access to app files, potential system compromise, or data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    [Insert product] | [Insert affected version]
    [Insert product] | [Insert affected version]
    (N.B. The affected products and versions are not provided in the source data. The actual report must include this information.)

    How the Exploit Works

    This vulnerability works by exploiting SQL injection points in multiple locations across various applications. A malicious actor can inject SQL queries into these points, enabling them to read files belonging to other apps. This can lead to privilege escalation where the attacker gains access to sensitive information or potentially compromises the entire system.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a SQL injection attack.

    POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "username": "admin'; SELECT * FROM users -- ", "password": "password" }

    In this example, the attacker injects a SQL query into the username field that results in retrieving all users’ data from the database. It should be noted that this is a simplified example, and real-world attacks could be more complex and varied.

    Mitigation Guidance

    To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Additionally, it is advisable to follow secure coding practices to avoid SQL injection vulnerabilities, including the use of parameterized queries or prepared statements.

  • CVE-2025-48541: Potential Local Privilege Escalation Through Biometric Unlock Removal

    Overview

    This report analyses the cybersecurity vulnerability, CVE-2025-48541, a flaw that exists in the onCreate function of FaceSettings.java. It potentially allows the removal of biometric unlock across user profiles due to inadequate input validation, leading to a local escalation of privilege. This vulnerability is of significant concern to all users and organizations that employ biometric authentication, as it could lead to system compromise or data leakage.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48541
    Severity: High (7.8 on the CVSS Severity Scale)
    Attack Vector: Local
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: None
    Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    Android Biometric API | Unknown (pending vendor disclosure)

    How the Exploit Works

    The exploit takes advantage of improper input validation in the onCreate function of FaceSettings.java. This function is designed to initialize face settings for biometric unlock on the device. However, an attacker can leverage this vulnerability to inject improper inputs that could manipulate the application logic and potentially remove biometric unlock across different user profiles. This could lead to the attacker gaining unauthorized access to the device contents and potentially escalate their privileges.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Here’s a
    conceptual
    example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudo code demonstrates a potential method of injecting improper inputs:

    // Pseudocode
import android.hardware.biometrics;
class Exploit {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BiometricManager biometricManager = BiometricManager.from(context);
if(biometricManager.canAuthenticate() == BiometricManager.BIOMETRIC_SUCCESS) {
// Executing improper input to remove biometric unlock
biometricManager.removeBiometricUnlock(UserManager.DISALLOW_REMOVE_USER);
}
}
}

    Remember, this code is hypothetical and only serves to help understand the potential exploit. Always follow ethical guidelines when dealing with cybersecurity.

    Mitigation Guidance

    To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch once it becomes available. Until then, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure.

  • CVE-2025-48540: Local Escalation of Privilege Due to Logic Error in RpcState.cpp

    Overview

    CVE-2025-48540 is a potential security vulnerability that could expose systems to local privilege escalation due to a logic error in RpcState.cpp. This issue affects multiple versions of software using the RpcState.cpp implementation. It’s a critical issue because it could potentially allow attackers to compromise the system or leak data, without the need for any additional execution privileges or user interaction.

    Vulnerability Summary

    CVE ID: CVE-2025-48540
    Severity: High (7.8 CVSS Score)
    Attack Vector: Local
    Privileges Required: None
    User Interaction: Not needed
    Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

    Affected Products

    Product | Affected Versions

    [Software A] | [Version 1.0 to 2.5]
    [Software B] | [Version 3.0 to 4.1]

    How the Exploit Works

    Due to a logic error in the processTransactInternal function of RpcState.cpp, an attacker may write to memory outside the intended boundary. This out-of-bounds write can lead to unauthorized memory modification, potentially allowing an attacker to escalate privileges on the local system without additional execution rights.

    Conceptual Example Code

    Here’s a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode represents the logic error in the RpcState.cpp file that could be used for a malicious operation:

    int processTransactInternal(int dataSize, char* data) {
char buffer[100];
if (dataSize > 100) {
// Logic error: Writes to the buffer without checking the size
memcpy(buffer, data, dataSize);
}
// ... other code ...
}

    A malicious user could provide a data size greater than the buffer size, causing a buffer overflow and potentially leading to local privilege escalation.

    Mitigation

    Users are advised to apply vendor patches as soon as they are available. In the meantime, the use of Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation while waiting for the patch.

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