Overview
The cybersecurity landscape continues to evolve with new vulnerabilities being discovered on a regular basis. The latest in the line of these vulnerabilities is CVE-2025-7088, a critical stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability found in Belkin F9K1122 1.00.33. This vulnerability, if exploited, gives attackers the opportunity to compromise the system or leak sensitive data, with the potential to cause significant harm to the affected organization.
Belkin devices are widely used in homes and businesses alike, making this vulnerability a critical issue that demands immediate attention. The threat is compounded by the fact that the exploit has been publicly disclosed, making it accessible to malicious actors looking to take advantage of unpatched systems. The vendor, Belkin, was contacted regarding this vulnerability but has yet to respond.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-7088
Severity: Critical (8.8/10, CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
Product | Affected Versions
Belkin F9K1122 | 1.00.33
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability resides in the formPPPoESetup function of the /goform/formPPPoESetup file. It allows an attacker to manipulate the argument pppUserName, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. This type of overflow occurs when more data is written into a buffer than it can handle, causing it to overflow and overwrite adjacent memory locations. As this can be initiated remotely, it provides an opportunity for an attacker to inject malicious code, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. The attacker sends a malicious POST request to the formPPPoESetup function with an oversized pppUserName argument, leading to the buffer overflow.
POST /goform/formPPPoESetup HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
pppUserName=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA... (continues to length that causes buffer overflow)Note that this is a hypothetical example and the actual malicious payload would likely be more complex, potentially containing specific commands or scripts to be executed on the compromised system.
Recommended Mitigation
In the absence of a response from the vendor, Belkin, regarding a patch for this vulnerability, users are advised to implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary solution. These tools can help monitor network traffic and identify and block potential attacks. However, it is crucial to remain vigilant for updates from the vendor regarding a permanent fix.
