Author: Ameeba

Overview

CVE-2025-49713 is a critical vulnerability discovered in the Chromium-based Microsoft Edge browser, which has significant security implications. This flaw allows an unauthorized attacker to execute arbitrary code over a network, potentially leading to a total compromise of the system or potential data leakage. This vulnerability is particularly crucial as Microsoft Edge is one of the widely used browsers, hence affecting a large population of users. The severity of this vulnerability is emphasized by its CVSS Severity Score of 8.8, indicating a high level of risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49713
Severity: High (8.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) | All versions prior to the issuance of the patch

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability revolves around a type confusion flaw. Type confusion, also known as type mismatch or type discrepancy, is an error that occurs when a code entity is accessed as if it were a different type. In the context of this vulnerability, the Chromium-based Microsoft Edge incorrectly handles memory objects. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. If the current user is logged in with administrative rights, an attacker could take control of an affected system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This pseudocode is purposefully incomplete and non-functional to prevent misuse:

// JavaScript pseudocode
let obj = {a: 1};
let arr = [1.1, 2.2, 3.3];
// Trigger type confusion
let confusedType = arr.map(function(x) {
if(typeof x === 'object') {
return obj;
}
return x;
});
// Use confused type to execute malicious payload
confusedType[10] = execute_malicious_payload();

In this pseudocode, an attacker triggers the type confusion by mapping an array (arr) to an object (obj). The attacker then exploits this type confusion to execute malicious code.

Prevention and Mitigation

Microsoft has provided a patch to address this vulnerability. Users are strongly urged to update their Microsoft Edge browsers to the latest version. For those unable to patch immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation, although this is not a replacement for patching the vulnerability at the earliest convenience.

Overview

The vulnerability under discussion, CVE-2025-30379, is a serious flaw found in Microsoft Office Excel that allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally. This vulnerability affects any user who utilizes Microsoft Office Excel, a widely used spreadsheet software. The severity of this vulnerability is high, not only because of its potential for system compromise and data leakage, but also due to the ubiquitous use of the affected software, making a vast number of systems worldwide potential targets.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-30379
Severity: High (CVSS Score 7.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Microsoft Office Excel | All versions prior to the patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the improper handling of memory objects by Microsoft Office Excel. When a specially crafted Excel file is opened, it triggers the release of an invalid pointer or reference. This can lead to undefined behavior, such as memory corruption or application crashes. However, a skilled attacker can manipulate this undefined behavior to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user.
If the current user is logged in with administrative privileges, the attacker can take control of the affected system. This could potentially lead to system compromise, allowing the attacker to install programs, view, change, or delete data, or create new accounts with full user rights.

Conceptual Example Code

In this conceptual example, an attacker might embed malicious code in an Excel file that triggers the vulnerability when the file is opened. The code might look something like this:

Sub Workbook_Open()
Dim buffer As String
buffer = Space(4096) ' Create a large string.
Range("A1").Value = buffer ' Release the invalid pointer.
Shell "cmd.exe /c " & "malicious_command" ' Execute arbitrary code.
End Sub

This VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) code creates a large string that triggers the memory corruption when assigned to a cell (“A1”). The Shell function then executes arbitrary command-line instructions within the context of the current user.
Please note that this is a simplified and conceptual example. Actual exploits might involve more complex and obfuscated code.

Overview

Security vulnerabilities are a significant concern in the rapidly evolving world of technology. One such vulnerability that has come to light recently is the CVE-2025-30375. This particular vulnerability affects Microsoft Office Excel, a widely used spreadsheet program found in numerous businesses and industries around the globe. The threat lies in a type confusion error, allowing an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally. This vulnerability is not just a potential threat to the integrity of data but can also result in system compromise.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-30375
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Unauthorized code execution leading to potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Microsoft Office Excel | All versions prior to the patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a type confusion error in Microsoft Office Excel. Type confusion, often also referred to as type casting, is an error that occurs when a piece of code is not properly checking the type of an object that it is handling. In this case, an attacker can manipulate data that the software misinterprets, leading to an unexpected behavior. An attacker with knowledge of this vulnerability can craft a malicious Excel document, which, when opened by the victim, executes the attacker’s code.

Conceptual Example Code

Imagine an attacker creates a malicious Excel document with embedded VBA macro code. When the victim opens the document and enables macros (perhaps due to a convincing social engineering trick), the code runs.
Here is a simplified conceptual example of what the VBA macro code might look like:

Sub Auto_Open()
Dim buffer As String
buffer = Space(1024) ' Create a string with 1024 spaces
CopyMemory ByVal VarPtr(buffer), ByVal &H12345678, 4 ' Copy data to buffer causing type confusion
Execute(buffer) ' Execute the malicious code
End Sub

Remember, this is just a conceptual example and the actual exploit code would be more complex and specific to the vulnerable application’s internals.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor-issued patch as soon as it becomes available. Until then, users can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation strategy. Always be wary of unsolicited documents and do not enable macros unless it is absolutely necessary and the source is trusted.