Author: Ameeba

Overview

A significant vulnerability has been identified in multiple software applications developed by Ashlar-Vellum. If exploited, this vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process, potentially leading to a system compromise or data leakage. It is crucial for organizations using these applications to understand and address this vulnerability promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-41392
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage possible

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt | Prior to 12.6.1204.204
Ashlar-Vellum Xenon | Prior to 12.6.1204.204
Ashlar-Vellum Argon | Prior to 12.6.1204.204
Ashlar-Vellum Lithium | Prior to 12.6.1204.204
Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt Share | Prior to 12.6.1204.204

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from improper validation of user-supplied data when parsing AR files in the affected applications. This flaw could be leveraged by an attacker to cause an out-of-bounds read, thereby creating an opening for arbitrary code execution in the context of the current process.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /api/parse_ar HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/ar
{ "ar_file": "malicious_file.ar" }

In this example, a malicious AR file is sent to the server. If the server is running a vulnerable version of the Ashlar-Vellum software, it could potentially parse the file without proper validation and lead to an out-of-bounds read, thereby exposing the system to potential compromise.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch to fix this vulnerability. In situations where immediate patching is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation.

Overview

The CVE-2025-5048 vulnerability is a significant security risk affecting Autodesk AutoCAD. This flaw, attributed to a Memory Corruption vulnerability when importing or linking a malicious DGN file, can lead to the execution of arbitrary code. The users of Autodesk AutoCAD, particularly construction and engineering firms, could face potential system compromise or data leakage if this vulnerability is exploited.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5048
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Local File Inclusion
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise or data leakage due to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current process.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Autodesk AutoCAD | All versions prior to the vendor patch

How the Exploit Works

An attacker crafts a malicious DGN file, which when imported or linked into Autodesk AutoCAD, triggers a memory corruption vulnerability. This corruption allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. The executed code could compromise the system or lead to data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode represents a malicious DGN file containing a payload that triggers the memory corruption.

# Pseudocode representing a DGN file with a malicious payload
class MaliciousDGN {
payload = "<arbitrary_code_to_execute_in_context_of_current_process>"
execute() {
corrupt_memory(this.payload)
}
}

Note: This is a conceptual representation and does not reflect actual code that could be used to exploit this vulnerability.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available to mitigate the risk posed by this vulnerability. As a temporary mitigation measure, users could use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to help detect and prevent exploitation attempts.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a severe vulnerability, CVE-2025-5047, affecting Autodesk AutoCAD software. When a maliciously crafted DGN file is parsed through Autodesk AutoCAD, an Uninitialized Variable vulnerability can be triggered. This vulnerability is particularly worrisome as it enables a malicious actor to cause system crashes, read sensitive data, or even execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5047
Severity: High, with a CVSS score of 7.8
Attack Vector: DGN File
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System crashes, sensitive data access, and arbitrary code execution leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Autodesk AutoCAD | All versions prior to vendor patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of an uninitialized variable within Autodesk AutoCAD when parsing a DGN file. A malicious actor can craft a DGN file in such a way that it triggers this vulnerability when opened in AutoCAD. Once triggered, the vulnerability allows the actor to cause crashes, access sensitive data, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example illustrating how a maliciously crafted DGN file might look like. However, note that the actual exploit would likely involve complex binary crafting techniques.

$ echo "malicious_payload" > exploit.dgn
$ autocad exploit.dgn

In this simplified example, the `malicious_payload` represents data crafted to exploit the uninitialized variable vulnerability. When this DGN file is opened with AutoCAD (represented by `autocad exploit.dgn`), the exploit is triggered.

Overview

The vulnerability CVE-2025-5046 represents a significant risk to Autodesk AutoCAD users due to an Out-of-Bounds Read vulnerability when importing or linking a maliciously crafted DGN file. This vulnerability can lead to a system crash, data leakage, or even arbitrary code execution, contributing to potential system compromise.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5046
Severity: High 7.8
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, sensitive data leakage, and potential code execution

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Autodesk AutoCAD | All versions up to date of report

How the Exploit Works

The exploit operates by manipulating the input process of DGN files in Autodesk AutoCAD. By crafting a DGN file with specific malicious content, an attacker can trigger an Out-of-Bounds Read vulnerability. This can lead to a system crash or, in more severe cases, allow the attacker to read sensitive data or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.

Conceptual Example Code

While the exact nature of the malicious payload may vary, the following pseudocode provides a conceptual example of how a malicious DGN file might be created to exploit this vulnerability:

# Pseudocode
malicious_dgn = DGN()
malicious_dgn.create('malicious_content')
# This content forces an Out-of-Bounds Read when imported or linked in AutoCAD
malicious_dgn.set_content('OUT_OF_BOUNDS_CONTENT')
# Write the malicious DGN file
malicious_dgn.write('malicious_file.dgn')

This malicious file can then be imported into Autodesk AutoCAD, causing the vulnerability to be exploited. It is crucial to apply the vendor patch or use a WAF/IDS as a temporary mitigation to prevent this vulnerability from being exploited.

Overview

This report provides an analysis of the critical vulnerability referenced as CVE-2025-8875. The vulnerability, identified in the N-able N-central system, involves the deserialization of untrusted data and can lead to local execution of code. This vulnerability is particularly concerning due to its potential to compromise the system or lead to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-8875
Severity: High (7.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized system access and potential data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

N-able N-central| versions before 2025.3.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises due to insecure deserialization of untrusted data. An attacker can craft malicious data which, when deserialized by the N-able N-central, can result in arbitrary code execution. This can be exploited by an attacker with access to manipulate the serialized data, leading to unauthorized system control and potential data compromise.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. The actual malicious payload would depend on the specific system configuration.

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "untrusted_serialized_data": "malicious_code_here" }

Remediation

Users are urged to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. As a temporary mitigation measure, users can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor and block potential malicious traffic. Nonetheless, these measures are temporary and may not fully protect the system from this vulnerability. The definitive solution is to update the software to a version where this vulnerability has been fixed.