Author: Ameeba

Overview

The CVE-2023-48978 is a severe vulnerability impacting NCR ITM Web Terminal v.4.4.0 and v.4.4.4. This vulnerability presents a significant security risk as it allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code through a carefully crafted script targeted at the IP camera URL component of the software. This vulnerability is particularly alarming due to its potential to compromise entire systems and leak sensitive data. Organizations and individuals utilizing the affected versions of the NCR ITM Web Terminal are therefore urged to take immediate action to mitigate this risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-48978
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NCR ITM Web Terminal | v.4.4.0, v.4.4.4

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability takes advantage of the IP camera URL component of the NCR ITM Web Terminal. By crafting a malicious script and directing it towards this URL, the attacker can trigger the vulnerability and execute arbitrary code on the system. This is possible due to insufficient input validation in the IP camera URL component, which does not properly sanitize user inputs, thus allowing the execution of malicious scripts.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a
conceptual
example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This example uses an HTTP request with a malicious payload in the “camera_url” parameter:

POST /IPCamera/Access HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"camera_url": "<script>malicious_code_here</script>"
}

In the above example, “malicious_code_here” would be replaced with the actual code that the attacker wishes to execute on the server. Note that this is a simplified, conceptual example for illustrative purposes only. The actual exploit may involve more complex scripts or additional steps to bypass any existing security measures.
Remember to protect your systems by applying the necessary patches or, as a temporary solution, use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS).

Overview

In the realm of cybersecurity, one of the most recently discovered vulnerabilities resides in the NCR Terminal Handler v1.5.1. This vulnerability, designated CVE-2023-47297, allows potential attackers to manipulate the settings in such a way that they could execute arbitrary commands. The issue is significant because it offers the potential for system security auditing configurations to be altered, therefore opening the doors to potential system compromise or data leakage.
As a cybersecurity professional, it’s crucial to understand the implications of this vulnerability, who it affects, and how it can be mitigated. This vulnerability primarily affects users and administrators of the NCR Terminal Handler v1.5.1, and the potential ramifications of an exploited vulnerability can be severe, given the high severity rating of 9.8.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-47297
Severity: Critical, with a CVSS score of 9.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NCR Terminal Handler | v1.5.1

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2023-47297 exploit takes advantage of the settings manipulation vulnerability in the NCR Terminal Handler. By manipulating these settings, an attacker can execute arbitrary commands, which includes the ability to edit system security auditing configurations. This can pave the way for additional exploits, as security auditing often serves as a first line of defense against malicious activities.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This could be done by sending a malicious payload via a network request:

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "command_to_edit_security_settings" }

In this case, the “malicious_payload” would contain the arbitrary command to edit the security settings. Please note that this example is conceptual and the actual exploit code might be more complex and specific.

Recommended Mitigation

It’s highly recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the interim, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation, helping to identify and block attempted exploits of this vulnerability. Regularly updating and patching software can prevent many such vulnerabilities, and is a crucial part of maintaining a secure system.

Overview

In the fast-paced world of cybersecurity, a new critical vulnerability, classified as CVE-2025-6373, has been discovered in D-Link DIR-619L 2.06B01. This vulnerability pertains to the function formSetWizard1 of the file /goform/formWlSiteSurvey and is categorized as a stack-based buffer overflow type. It’s important to note that the vulnerability can be exploited remotely, making it a potential threat to all users of this D-Link product.
The CVE-2025-6373 vulnerability is particularly concerning due to the fact that it affects a product that is no longer supported by the maintainer, leaving users vulnerable to attacks. This blog post aims to provide a detailed understanding of this vulnerability, its potential impact, and the necessary mitigation steps.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6373
Severity: Critical, CVSS score of 8.8
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-619L | 2.06B01

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-6373 exploit works by manipulating the ‘curTime’ argument in the formSetWizard1 function of the file /goform/formWlSiteSurvey. This manipulation leads to a stack-based buffer overflow. Given that the exploit can be initiated remotely, it allows attackers to execute arbitrary code on the target system, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This might look like a malicious HTTP POST request to the /goform/formWlSiteSurvey endpoint, with a manipulated ‘curTime’ argument:

POST /goform/formWlSiteSurvey HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
curTime= [malicious input]

Note: The above is a simplified example. In a real-world scenario, the malicious input would be carefully crafted to trigger the buffer overflow.

Recommendations for Mitigation

As the D-Link DIR-619L 2.06B01 is no longer supported by the maintainer, applying a vendor patch is not an option. For users who are still using this product, the recommended mitigation step is to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. However, due to the severity of the vulnerability, it is highly recommended to replace unsupported devices with up-to-date, supported devices.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a serious vulnerability labeled as CVE-2025-6513. This vulnerability allows standard Windows users to access and decrypt the configuration file for BRAIN2’s database access. This is a significant issue as it could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. The vulnerability primarily affects organizations and individual users of the BRAIN2 application on Windows systems. It is of high concern due to the widespread use of these systems and the high severity score it has been assigned.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6513
Severity: Critical (9.3 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Standard User
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System Compromise, Data Leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

BRAIN2 Application | All versions up to the latest

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by taking advantage of the insecurity in the BRAIN2 application’s configuration file. A standard user on a Windows system with the BRAIN2 application installed can access this file. This file contains sensitive data about database access, which is encrypted but can be decrypted by the perpetrator. Once the perpetrator gains access to this information, they can potentially compromise the system or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This is a pseudocode representation of the process:

# Standard user gains access to the BRAIN2 configuration file
config_file = open('C:\\Program Files\\BRAIN2\\config_file.cfg')
# Reads encrypted database access data
encrypted_data = config_file.read()
# User uses a decryption algorithm to decrypt the data
decrypted_data = decryption_algorithm(encrypted_data)
# User now has access to sensitive database information
print(decrypted_data)
# Possible system compromise or data leakage
compromise_system_or_leak_data(decrypted_data)

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, the recommended approach is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. This patch should address the vulnerability and eliminate the risk it poses. In the interim, usage of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability, thus providing a layer of protection until the patch is applied.

Overview

The CVE-2025-6512 vulnerability is a critical security issue that affects clients with non-admin users on the BRAIN2 server. It allows a script to be integrated into a report and later be executed on the server with administrator rights. This type of vulnerability is crucial because it can potentially result in system compromise or data leakage, posing a severe risk to the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the system. It is critical for organizations and individuals using the BRAIN2 server to be aware of this vulnerability and take immediate steps to mitigate the risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6512
Severity: Critical (CVSS Score 10.0)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

BRAIN2 Server | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the report generation feature in the BRAIN2 server. An attacker with non-admin access can inject a malicious script into a report. When this report is later executed on the server, it runs with administrator privileges. This execution could lead to unauthorized administrative access, system compromise, or potential data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a pseudocode representation of a malicious script being embedded in a report:

POST /generate_report HTTP/1.1
Host: BRAIN2_server.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"report": {
"title": "Quarterly Financial Report",
"data": "...",
"script": "<script>malicious_code_here</script>"
}
}

In this example, the “malicious_code_here” would be replaced by the specific actions the attacker wants to perform with admin privileges on the server.

Mitigation and Prevention

The most effective mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor patch. If this is not immediately possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can help provide temporary mitigation. These tools can potentially detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, they should not be seen as a long-term solution, and applying the vendor patch should be prioritized.
Remember, any mitigations should be tested in a non-production environment first to ensure they do not disrupt normal operations.

Overview

In this blog post, we will delve into the details of a critical vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-52921. This vulnerability was discovered in Innoshop, a popular e-commerce software platform. The vulnerability affects versions up to and including 0.4.1, and if exploited, it could lead to potential system compromise or data leakage. This vulnerability is particularly concerning due to its severity and the potential impact on businesses using Innoshop for their e-commerce operations. The severity of this issue is underlined by its CVSS Severity Score of 9.9, which indicates a critical risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-52921
Severity: Critical (9.9 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: High (Authenticated User)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Innoshop | Up to and including 0.4.1

How the Exploit Works

An authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability by manipulating the File Manager functions in the admin panel. Initially, the attacker would upload a crafted file. The application checks if the uploaded files are image files; however, this check can be bypassed by simply renaming the uploaded file to have a .php extension using the Rename Function.
This bypass is possible due to the application only relying on frontend checks to restrict the administrator from changing the extension of uploaded files to .php. This restriction can be easily bypassed using any proxy tool, such as BurpSuite. Once the attacker renames the file and gives it the .php extension, a GET request can be used to trigger the execution of code on the server.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This represents the HTTP request made to rename the uploaded file to a .php extension.

GET /admin/file_manager/rename?old_filename=attack.jpg&new_filename=attack.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Authorization: Bearer [User's Authenticated JWT]

Now, with the file renamed to a .php extension, the attacker can trigger the execution of the code on the server with the following GET request:

GET /uploads/attack.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

Please note that the above is only a conceptual representation and the actual exploit may vary based on the specific environment and conditions.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate the threat from this vulnerability, it is advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure.

Overview

CVE-2024-45347 is a critical cybersecurity vulnerability that affects the Xiaomi Mi Connect Service APP. This vulnerability allows unauthorized access to the victim’s device, potentially leading to a system compromise or data leakage. It is a significant threat due to the wide usage of Xiaomi devices globally, and the fact that the flaw lies in a service APP that is integral to the device’s operation magnifies the risk. The severity and the widespread possible impact of this vulnerability make it crucial for users to understand and address it promptly.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-45347
Severity: Critical (CVSS Score: 9.6)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized access to the victim’s device, potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Xiaomi Mi Connect Service APP | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is a result of flawed validation logic within the Xiaomi Mi Connect Service APP. Attackers can exploit this flaw to bypass the standard authentication mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to the victim’s device. Once the attacker has access, they may potentially compromise the system or leak sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example to illustrate how this vulnerability might be exploited. This pseudocode represents an attempt by an attacker to access the device by bypassing the flawed validation logic:

def exploit(target_device):
send_request_to_device(target_device, {
"command": "AUTH",
"params": {
"validation_data": "malicious_data_bypassing_validation"
}
})

This pseudocode sends an “AUTH” command to the target device, with parameters that contain malicious data crafted to bypass the flawed validation logic. This would result in unauthorized access to the device.

Mitigation

The primary method of mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. Xiaomi is expected to release an update to fix this flaw in the Mi Connect Service APP. Until the patch is available, users are advised to utilize a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These systems can help detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The cybersecurity community has recently identified a critical vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-6372, in the D-Link DIR-619L 2.06B01. This vulnerability involves a stack-based buffer overflow that can be triggered remotely. The severity of this vulnerability stems from its potential to compromise systems or leak data, especially concerning considering that it affects an unsupported product. This means that many users may not have easy access to vendor patches and would therefore be particularly vulnerable.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6372
Severity: Critical, CVSS Score: 8.8
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-619L | 2.06B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists within the formSetWizard1 function of the /goform/formSetWizard1 file. Specifically, the issue arises from the manipulation of the curTime argument, which results in a stack-based buffer overflow. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request that includes an oversized curTime argument. The system’s attempt to process this oversized argument results in the overflow, potentially allowing malicious code to be executed and compromising the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual illustration of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This is a hypothetical HTTP request in which a malicious payload is embedded in the curTime argument:

POST /goform/formSetWizard1 HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "curTime": "OVERSIZED_PAYLOAD_HERE" }

In this case, “OVERSIZED_PAYLOAD_HERE” would be replaced with the attacker’s malicious payload, which would exploit the buffer overflow vulnerability when processed by the affected system.

Recommended Mitigation

Given that the affected product is no longer supported by the vendor, a patch may not be readily available. As a temporary mitigation, users are advised to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can help detect and block malicious requests that attempt to exploit this vulnerability. However, users are strongly advised to apply a vendor patch as soon as it becomes available, as these measures are only temporary and do not address the root cause of the vulnerability.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is continuously changing, with new threats and vulnerabilities emerging almost daily. One of the most critical vulnerabilities discovered recently is CVE-2025-6371, which affects the D-Link DIR-619L 2.06B01. This vulnerability has been classified as critical due to its potential for remote exploitation and the severity of the damage it can cause, including system compromise or data leakage. It’s particularly concerning as the function it affects is part of an unsupported product, hence putting systems and data at a higher risk.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6371
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-619L | 2.06B01

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability resides in the function formSetEnableWizard of the file /goform/formSetEnableWizard in the D-Link DIR-619L 2.06B01. The issue arises from manipulation of the argument curTime leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. This kind of overflow occurs when more data is loaded into a buffer than it can handle, causing excess data to overflow into adjacent memory spaces. Attackers can exploit this overflow to inject and execute malicious code remotely.

Conceptual Example Code

The following conceptual code represents how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This is a simple HTTP POST request that sends a malicious payload to the vulnerable function in the formSetEnableWizard file.

POST /goform/formSetEnableWizard HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
curTime=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

In this example, the ‘curTime’ parameter is filled with an excessive amount of ‘A’ characters, demonstrating a potential buffer overflow attack. The exact nature of the malicious payload would depend on the specific goals of the attacker.

Mitigation Guidance

Due to the nature and severity of this vulnerability, it is strongly recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, it is crucial to remember that these are only temporary solutions and can’t replace the importance of applying the vendor’s patch or switching to supported products.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is riddled with potential threats and vulnerabilities, one of which is CVE-2025-6370. This critical vulnerability, found in D-Link DIR-619L 2.06B01, affects the function formWlanGuestSetup of the file /goform/formWlanGuestSetup. The manipulation of the argument curTime can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow, which can be exploited remotely. This vulnerability is particularly concerning as it impacts products that are no longer supported by their maintainer and the exploit has been publicly disclosed. The potential consequences of this vulnerability are severe, including possible system compromise and data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6370
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

D-Link DIR-619L | 2.06B01

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the formWlanGuestSetup function of the /goform/formWlanGuestSetup file in D-Link DIR-619L 2.06B01. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by manipulating the curTime argument which can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. This overflow can overwrite other data structures, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution, system compromise, or data leakage. Since this vulnerability affects products that are no longer supported by their maintainer, it poses a significant risk to users of these legacy products.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a HTTP request:

POST /goform/formWlanGuestSetup HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
curTime=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

In the above example, the curTime argument is filled with a large number of ‘A’ characters, which can potentially cause a buffer overflow in the formWlanGuestSetup function.

Mitigation

Given the severity of this vulnerability, it is strongly recommended that users apply the vendor patch, if available. If a patch is not available, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These systems can detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability, providing a layer of protection for the affected systems. However, these are only temporary measures and cannot fully eliminate the risk. Long-term mitigation strategies should include replacing or upgrading unsupported products to versions that are not vulnerable to this exploit.