Author: Ameeba

Overview

In the cybersecurity world, new vulnerabilities are unearthed and patched regularly. One such vulnerability has been found in Visionatrix, an AI Media processing tool. This tool, used by a variety of companies for processing media files, has been found to have a critical vulnerability that can potentially lead to a complete system takeover.
This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-49126, affects versions 1.5.0 to 2.5.0 of the Visionatrix software. This flaw allows for a Reflected XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) attack and can result in full application takeover and exfiltration of secrets. It’s crucial to be aware of this vulnerability, understand its implications, and apply the necessary patches to ensure the security of the system.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-49126
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Full system takeover and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Visionatrix AI Media Processing Tool | 1.5.0 to 2.5.0

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the /docs/flows endpoint of the Visionatrix software. The endpoint makes use of the get_swagger_ui_html function from FastAPI, which is not intended for use with user-controlled arguments. This function does not encode or sanitize its arguments before using them to generate the HTML for the swagger documentation page.
An attacker can exploit this flaw by crafting a malicious URL to trigger a Reflected XSS attack. The user clicks on the URL, which then sends a request with the malicious script to the server. The server responds back with a page that contains the malicious script and executes in the user’s browser, potentially leading to a session takeover and access to the secrets stored in the application.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using a malicious HTTP request:

GET /docs/flows?callback=<script>malicious_code_here</script> HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com

In this example, the `malicious_code_here` would be the script designed to exploit the vulnerability, allowing for full system takeover and potential data leakage.

Mitigation Guidance

The developers of Visionatrix have patched this vulnerability in version 2.5.1 of the software. Users are strongly advised to update to this version or later to mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability.
In cases where an immediate update is not possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These systems can detect and prevent XSS attacks, providing an additional layer of security. However, these are not long-term solutions and updating the software should be the priority.

Overview

The recently discovered CVE-2025-6511 vulnerability presents a critical risk to users of the Netgear EX6150 firmware version 1.0.0.46_1.0.76. This vulnerability resides in the sub_410090 function and can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow, potentially compromising the entire system or leading to data leakage. Given the severity of this vulnerability and the fact that it can be exploited remotely, it is of utmost importance that users apply the necessary patches or mitigations as soon as possible.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6511
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Netgear EX6150 | 1.0.0.46_1.0.76

How the Exploit Works

The CVE-2025-6511 vulnerability arises due to insufficient bounds checking in the sub_410090 function. An attacker can send specially crafted input to this function, causing a buffer overflow condition. This can lead to the execution of arbitrary code within the context of the application. As the vulnerability can be exploited remotely and does not require any user interaction or special privileges, it poses a significant risk.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit the vulnerability. This example uses a hypothetical HTTP request that includes a malicious payload designed to trigger the buffer overflow:

POST /sub_410090 HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "input": "A"*1024 }

In this example, the “input” field contains a string of 1024 “A” characters. If the buffer assigned to hold this input is smaller than 1024 bytes, it will result in a buffer overflow.

Recommended Mitigation

Users of the affected Netgear EX6150 firmware version are strongly advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. In the meantime, users can implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can help detect and block malicious traffic that attempts to exploit the vulnerability.

Overview

A critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2023-47029, has been discovered in NCR Terminal Handler v.1.5.1. This bug allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code and gain access to sensitive information, posing a significant risk to users of this software. It is crucial for businesses and organizations using NCR Terminal Handler to understand this vulnerability, as it could potentially lead to system compromise and data leakage.
User data is the lifeblood of today’s digital economy, and its protection is paramount. Vulnerabilities like CVE-2023-47029 highlight the importance of robust cybersecurity measures and the need for constant vigilance in the face of evolving threats.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-47029
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NCR Terminal Handler | v1.5.1

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability resides in the UserService component of NCR Terminal Handler. The flaw enables an attacker to execute arbitrary code and retrieve sensitive information by sending a specially crafted POST request to the UserService. The system does not correctly sanitize the incoming data, leading to uncontrolled behavior and thereby allowing for remote code execution and data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

POST /UserService HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "<inject arbitrary code here>" }

In this example, the attacker replaces `”“` with the actual malicious code to be executed on the target system.

Mitigation

It is recommended to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as temporary mitigation. These tools can monitor and block malicious traffic, thus providing an additional layer of security against exploitation of this vulnerability. Always remember, staying updated and applying patches promptly are the best practices to keep your systems secure.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving, with new vulnerabilities discovered and exploited every day. The latest is CVE-2025-6510, a critical vulnerability found in the Netgear EX6100 1.0.2.28_1.1.138. This vulnerability is especially alarming as it affects the function sub_415EF8 and leads to a stack-based buffer overflow, posing a massive threat to the security of systems across the globe. The potential for remote attacks, coupled with the public disclosure of the exploit, elevates the risk level significantly.
This vulnerability affects not just individual users but also corporations and institutions that rely on the affected Netgear product for their network infrastructure. The importance of addressing this vulnerability cannot be overstated, as a successful exploit can lead to system compromise or data leakage, threatening both privacy and operational stability.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6510
Severity: Critical, CVSS Severity Score: 8.8
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Not Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Netgear EX6100 | 1.0.2.28_1.1.138

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the function sub_415EF8 of the Netgear EX6100 1.0.2.28_1.1.138. The manipulation of this function, which is susceptible to a stack-based buffer overflow, enables the potential attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system. This code can lead to unauthorized access, system compromise, and potential data leakage. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and can be launched remotely, so it doesn’t require any user interaction, making it particularly dangerous.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. Assume a malicious payload designed to exploit the buffer overflow vulnerability:

POST /sub_415EF8/function HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "malicious_payload": "BufferOverflowPayload" }

In the above example, the malicious payload “BufferOverflowPayload” is sent to the vulnerable function “sub_415EF8”, leading to a buffer overflow and potential system compromise.

Mitigation

As a temporary mitigation measure, users are encouraged to use Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). However, the ultimate mitigation measure is to apply the vendor patch as soon as it becomes available. This patch will fix the vulnerability in the function sub_415EF8 and protect the system from potential exploits. It is crucial to regularly update all network devices to protect against such security vulnerabilities.

Overview

The cybersecurity community has recently uncovered a severe security flaw in NCR Terminal Handler v.1.5.1, which has been assigned the identifier CVE-2023-47031. This vulnerability enables a remote attacker to escalate privileges via a crafted POST request, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. The flaw is particularly alarming because of its high CVSS Severity Score of 9.8, indicating a critical risk level. Any organization that uses NCR Terminal Handler v.1.5.1 should take immediate steps to address this vulnerability to protect their systems from potential attacks.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-47031
Severity: Critical (9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise, data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NCR Terminal Handler | v.1.5.1

How the Exploit Works

The exploit operates by an attacker sending a specially crafted POST request to the grantRolesToUsers, grantRolesToGroups, and grantRolesToOrganization SOAP API components of the NCR Terminal Handler v.1.5.1. Once the request is processed by the system, it leads to an inappropriate privilege assignment, allowing the attacker to gain escalated privileges. This exploitation can lead to unauthorized access and potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This code is an illustration and not actual exploit code.

POST /grantRolesToUsers HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: text/xml
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xmlns:web="http://www.example.com/">
<soapenv:Header/>
<soapenv:Body>
<web:grantRolesToUsers>
<web:userId>1</web:userId>
<web:roleId>admin</web:roleId>
</web:grantRolesToUsers>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

In the above example, the attacker crafts a SOAP request to assign the ‘admin’ role to the user with ID ‘1’.

Mitigation Guidance

Users of NCR Terminal Handler v.1.5.1 are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as possible. In the meantime, implementing a web application firewall (WAF) or intrusion detection system (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure. These tools can help detect and block attempts to exploit the vulnerability, but they are not a substitute for patching the software.

Overview

CVE-2025-6487 is a critical vulnerability found in TOTOLINK A3002R 1.1.1-B20200824.0128 that could allow malicious users to potentially compromise the system or cause data leakage. The vulnerability affects the function formRoute of the file /boafrm/formRoute. Cybersecurity professionals, network administrators, and users of this product should pay close attention to this vulnerability due to its high severity and the fact that it can be exploited remotely.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6487
Severity: Critical, CVSS Score 8.8
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Possible system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A3002R | 1.1.1-B20200824.0128

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the handling of the ‘subnet’ argument in the function formRoute of the file /boafrm/formRoute. An unchecked manipulation of the ‘subnet’ argument can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. A buffer overflow occurs when the volume of data exceeds the storage capacity of the buffer, causing the extra information to overflow into adjacent buffers. In this case, an attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request with a manipulated ‘subnet’ argument, causing the buffer to overflow and enabling the execution of arbitrary code.

Conceptual Example Code

The following is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a simplified representation and the actual attack would require a specifically crafted malicious payload.

POST /boafrm/formRoute HTTP/1.1
Host: target-router-ip
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
subnet=255.255.255.0&overflowing_data=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...

In the above example, an excessively long value is used for the ‘overflowing_data’ parameter, causing the buffer to overflow and potentially allowing the execution of the ‘overflowing_data’ as code.

Mitigations

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as possible. In the meantime, or in cases where applying the patch is not immediately possible, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) may be used as temporary mitigations. These systems should be configured to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability by monitoring for unusual or excessively long ‘subnet’ argument values.

Overview

Widely used in both homes and businesses, TOTOLINK A3002R routers have become a critical part of the digital infrastructure. However, a recently discovered vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-6486, has cast a shadow over their security. This flaw is deemed critical due to its potential for remote exploitation, with the attacker requiring no privileges or user interaction to compromise the system. This vulnerability, if left unaddressed, could lead to severe consequences, including data breaches and severe disruptions to services.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6486
Severity: Critical (CVSS 8.8)
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK A3002R | 1.1.1-B20200824.0128

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the function formWlanMultipleAP of the file /boafrm/formWlanMultipleAP in TOTOLINK A3002R version 1.1.1-B20200824.0128. It arises from improper handling of the ‘submit-url’ argument, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. This allows an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code on the target system without the need for any user interaction or privileges, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. The attacker sends a specially crafted HTTP POST request to the vulnerable endpoint, with a malicious payload in the ‘submit-url’ argument.

POST /boafrm/formWlanMultipleAP HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=<malicious_payload>

In this scenario, “ is a carefully designed string that, when processed by the vulnerable function, triggers a buffer overflow, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Please note that this is a simplified example for illustrative purposes and may not directly apply to the actual exploitation of this vulnerability. The actual exploit may require intricate knowledge of the target system’s configuration, memory layout, and other factors that are beyond the scope of this article.

Overview

This blog post serves to shed light on the highly-rated vulnerability, designated as CVE-2023-47295. This particular vulnerability affects the NCR Terminal Handler application, specifically version 1.5.1. The severity of this vulnerability stems from its potential to allow attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a CSV injection technique. This vulnerability is of significant concern due its potential to compromise systems and result in data leakage if exploited successfully.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-47295
Severity: Critical (9.8 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NCR Terminal Handler | v1.5.1

How the Exploit Works

The exploitation of this vulnerability revolves around a CSV injection technique. In essence, an attacker would craft a malicious payload and inject it into any text field within the NCR Terminal Handler application that accepts strings. Once the application processes this payload, the attacker gains the ability to execute arbitrary commands within the system. This could range from data extraction to full system control, depending on the nature of the commands executed.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited. Here, the attacker sends a POST request to the target system with a malicious payload embedded into the request body:

POST /ncr/terminal HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "text_field": "=cmd|' /C calc'!A0" }

The string within the “text_field” parameter is a common CSV injection payload, which, when processed by the vulnerable application, would execute the command within the single quotes-in this case opening the calculator application. In a real-world scenario, this command would likely be much more malicious, potentially leading to data leakage or full system compromise.

Mitigation Guidance

Users of NCR Terminal Handler v1.5.1 are strongly advised to apply the patch provided by the vendor to mitigate this vulnerability. Alternatively, users may employ a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary mitigation measure, which can help to detect and block attempts to exploit this vulnerability. However, these are not long-term solutions and the patch should be applied as soon as possible to prevent potential exploitation.

Overview

The cybersecurity landscape is constantly shifting, with new vulnerabilities surfacing regularly. One such vulnerability, identified as CVE-2023-47032, has been reported in the NCR Terminal Handler version 1.5.1, a widely used terminal management system. This vulnerability can allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted script to the UserService SOAP API function. Given the high CVSS severity score of 9.8, it’s crucial for organizations using this system to address this issue promptly to avoid potential system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-47032
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 9.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

NCR Terminal Handler | v1.5.1

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability exists due to the insecure handling of passwords in the UserService SOAP API function. An attacker can craft a malicious script and send it to the vulnerable API endpoint. As the system lacks proper input validation, it processes the malicious script, leading to arbitrary code execution. The attacker can then potentially gain control over the system and may proceed to steal sensitive data or cause other types of harm.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit the vulnerability. This example represents an HTTP request, where the attacker sends a specially crafted script in the request body:

POST /UserService/ SOAP API HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: text/xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soapenv:Body>
<m:UserService>
<m:script>malicious_script_here</m:script>
</m:UserService>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

In the above example, `malicious_script_here` would be replaced with the actual malicious script crafted by the attacker. The payload would exploit the password vulnerability in the UserService SOAP API function, leading to arbitrary code execution.

Mitigation and Remediation

Users of the NCR Terminal Handler v1.5.1 are advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch as soon as possible to mitigate this high-risk vulnerability. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation measure, although this should not replace patching the system. Regularly updating and patching systems is a fundamental aspect of maintaining a secure IT environment.

Overview

CVE-2025-6402 is a critical security vulnerability discovered in TOTOLINK X15 version 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. This vulnerability is of particular concern due to its ability to be exploited remotely, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. As the exploit has been made public, the risk of exploitation is significantly increased, placing all users of the affected product version at risk. This vulnerability underscores the importance of regular software updates and security patch application.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-6402
Severity: Critical (8.8 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network (through HTTP POST Request Handler)
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

TOTOLINK X15 | 1.0.0-B20230714.1105

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the unknown code of the file /boafrm/formIpv6Setup of the HTTP POST Request Handler component. The manipulation of the ‘submit-url’ argument can lead to a buffer overflow condition. This condition is precipitated by an attacker sending specially crafted data in an HTTP POST request, which overruns the buffer, leading to memory corruption or even the execution of arbitrary code.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using an HTTP POST request:

POST /boafrm/formIpv6Setup HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
submit-url=malicious_payload

In this example, the `submit-url` argument is manipulated with a ‘malicious_payload’ that could lead to buffer overflow.

Recommendations

The best course of action is to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as possible to mitigate this vulnerability. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary mitigation method. Regularly updating software and installing security patches promptly can protect systems from such vulnerabilities.