Author: Ameeba

Overview

The vulnerability named CVE-2023-7239 is a critical error in the WP Dashboard Notes WordPress plugin, versions prior to 1.0.11. It concerns a flaw in the user access validation for post_id parameters in the wpdn_update_note AJAX action. This vulnerability can be exploited by malicious users with roles of contributor and above, enabling them to modify notes created by others. This could lead to potential system compromise or data leakage, causing significant damage to the affected parties.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2023-7239
Severity: High, CVSS 7.5
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low (Contributor role and above)
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WP Dashboard Notes WordPress Plugin | Versions prior to 1.0.11

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the WP Dashboard Notes WordPress plugin not correctly validating user roles for the post_id parameter in the wpdn_update_note AJAX action. This allows users with a contributor role or above to make unauthorized modifications to notes created by other users, potentially leading to data corruption, system compromise, or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability could be exploited. This pseudocode simulates an AJAX request that could be used to exploit the vulnerability:

POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=wpdn_update_note HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
post_id=123&note_content=Malicious+content

In this example, the malicious user sends a POST request to the `wpdn_update_note` action with the `post_id` parameter set to a post they do not have access to and `note_content` containing the malicious modifications.

Mitigation

Users are advised to update the WP Dashboard Notes WordPress Plugin to version 1.0.11 or later, where this vulnerability has been fixed. If updating is not immediately possible, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation.

Overview

CVE-2025-26481 is a critical vulnerability found in Dell PowerScale OneFS versions 9.4.0.0 through 9.9.0.0, allowing unprivileged attackers to potentially exploit and cause a denial of service. The flaw is of particular concern to organizations utilizing these versions of Dell PowerScale OneFS, as successful exploitation could compromise the system or even lead to data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-26481
Severity: High (7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Dell PowerScale OneFS | 9.4.0.0 – 9.9.0.0

How the Exploit Works

This vulnerability allows a remote unprivileged attacker to exploit the uncontrolled resource consumption flaw in Dell PowerScale OneFS. By sending a series of network requests that consume a significant amount of system resources, the attacker could cause a denial of service, leading to system downtime and potentially compromising system security.

Conceptual Example Code

Here’s a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited using network requests:

POST /vulnerable/resource/consumption HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "resource_request": "consume_infinite_resource" }

In this example, the attacker sends a request that triggers the resource consumption vulnerability, causing the system to become unresponsive or crash.

Mitigation and Recommendations

Dell has released patches to address this vulnerability. Users of affected versions of Dell PowerScale OneFS are advised to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as possible. As a temporary mitigation, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used to filter out malicious traffic that attempts to exploit this vulnerability.

Overview

The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-48050, resides in the DOMPurify library, up until version 3.2.5, and could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage. It is significant due to the widespread use of the DOMPurify library, and the potential for malicious actors to exploit it for unauthorized system access.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48050
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

DOMPurify | Up to and including version 3.2.5

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability lies in the scripts/server.js file of DOMPurify, where it does not correctly ensure that a pathname is located under the current working directory. This means that a malicious actor could potentially manipulate the pathname to gain unauthorized access to parts of the system.

Conceptual Example Code

Consider the following conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a pseudocode representation and not an actual exploit:

let malicious_path = "/../../etc/passwd";
let server = require("dompurify/scripts/server.js");
server.start({
root: "/var/www/app",
path: malicious_path
});

In this example, the malicious path (‘/../../etc/passwd’) could potentially lead to unauthorized access to sensitive system files.

Mitigation Guidance

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. In the meantime, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used as a temporary mitigation measure. Users should also consider implementing least privilege principles and input validation to further protect against such vulnerabilities.

Overview

The CVE-2024-52879 vulnerability exposes certain versions of Insyde InsydeH2O kernel to potential system compromise or data leakage. The issue arises from a buffer over-read in the VariableRuntimeDxe driver, specifically in the SmmUpdateVariablePropertySmi function. This vulnerability is of significant concern to users and systems utilizing the affected Insyde InsydeH2O kernel versions due to the severity of threats it poses.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-52879
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.2 before version 05.29.50
InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.3 before version 05.38.50
InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.4 before version 05.46.50
InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.5 before version 05.54.50
InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.6 before version 05.61.50
InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.7 before version 05.70.50

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability is in the SmmUpdateVariablePropertySmi function of the VariableRuntimeDxe driver. This function uses the StrCmp function to compare variable names, which can cause a buffer over-read. An attacker can exploit this issue by sending a specially crafted request that triggers the buffer over-read, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

While a specific example is not provided, the following pseudocode can serve as a conceptual illustration of how the vulnerability might be exploited:

// Pseudocode
char* malicious_variable = "long_string_that_causes_buffer_overread";
char* existing_variable = "existing_variable_name";
int result = StrCmp(existing_variable, malicious_variable);
if (result == 0) {
// Buffer over-read occurs here
}

The malicious_variable string would be crafted to cause the buffer over-read, leading to the potential system compromise or data leakage.

Overview

The cybersecurity vulnerability outlined in this report, identified as CVE-2024-52878, affects the Insyde InsydeH2O kernel versions 5.2 through 5.7. This vulnerability poses a significant threat due to its potential to enable unauthorized system compromise or data leakage. The severity and potential impact of this vulnerability underscore the importance of immediate attention and mitigation.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-52878
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.2 before 05.29.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.3 before 05.38.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.4 before 05.46.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.5 before 05.54.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.6 before 05.61.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.7 before 05.70.50

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability stems from the VariableServicesSetVariable () function in the VariableRuntimeDxe driver, which can be invoked by various calls. This function uses StrSize () to get the variable name size, StrLen () to get the variable name length, and StrCmp () to compare strings. These actions can lead to a buffer over-read, potentially resulting in unauthorized access or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

This is a conceptual example showing how an unauthorized user might exploit this vulnerability:

#include <VariableRuntimeDxe.h>
int main() {
char varName[100];
// Fill varName with overly long string
for(int i=0; i<100; i++)
varName[i] = 'A';
varName[99] = '\0';
// Call vulnerable function
gRT->SetVariable(varName, ...);
}

Note: This is a conceptual example and may not directly represent actual exploit code.

Recommendations

Users are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as available. In the interim, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) could be employed for temporary mitigation.

Overview

A critical vulnerability has been detected in various versions of the Insyde InsydeH2O kernels. This flaw, identified as CVE-2024-52877, could potentially lead to system compromise or data leakage if successfully exploited. The vulnerability is especially significant due to the widespread use of these kernels in various systems, making many entities potentially susceptible to this threat if not promptly addressed.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-52877
Severity: High (7.5 – CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.2 before 05.29.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.3 before 05.38.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.4 before 05.46.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.5 before 05.54.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.6 before 05.61.50
Insyde InsydeH2O Kernel | 5.7 before 05.70.50

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a flaw in the VariableRuntimeDxe driver. Specifically, the SmmCreateVariableLockList() callback function calls CreateVariableLockListInSmm(). This function uses StrSize() to obtain the variable name size, leading to a potential buffer over-read. Attackers could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted input that triggers the buffer over-read, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

A conceptual example of how this vulnerability might be exploited could involve sending a malicious payload to the vulnerable endpoint. This could take the form of a specially crafted HTTP request, as shown below:

POST /VariableRuntimeDxe/StrSize HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "variable_name": "overly_long_variable_name_..." }

This example is meant to showcase how an attacker could potentially exploit the vulnerability by sending an overly long variable name, leading to a buffer over-read.

Overview

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system has identified a buffer overflow vulnerability in WS-WN572HP3 V230525 that poses significant cybersecurity threats. This vulnerability can be exploited to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a specially crafted HTTP request, affecting any organization or individual using the vulnerable component. Consequences can range from temporary unavailability of services to potential system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-44879
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

WS-WN572HP3 | V230525

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a buffer overflow vulnerability in the /www/cgi-bin/upload.cgi component of WS-WN572HP3 V230525. Buffer overflow occurs when more data is put into a fixed-length buffer than it can handle, causing an overflow of data into adjacent memory locations. In this case, an attacker sends an HTTP request containing excessive data specifically crafted to overflow the buffer. This overflow can lead to unpredictable program behavior, including memory access errors, incorrect results, a crash, or a breach of system security.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. This is a sample HTTP request that contains a large amount of data meant to overflow the buffer.

POST /www/cgi-bin/upload.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: multipart/form-data
{ "file": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA..." } // excessively long string

Mitigation

Until a vendor patch is available, users are advised to use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as temporary mitigation. The vendor is expected to release a patch that addresses the vulnerability by imposing stricter input validation checks to prevent buffer overflow. As general good practice, regular updates and patches should be applied to all software and firmware to mitigate the risk of exploitation.

Overview

A critical vulnerability labeled as CVE-2025-26783 has been identified in several Samsung processors. These include the Mobile Processor, Wearable Processor, and Modem Exynos with various model numbers. The vulnerability, due to incorrect handling of undefined values, can potentially lead to a Denial of Service (DoS), compromising system integrity and leading to potential data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-26783
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to a Denial of Service (DoS), system compromise, and potential data leakage.

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos | 2100, 1280, 2200, 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400
Samsung Wearable Processor | W1000
Samsung Modem | 5300, 5400

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the incorrect handling of undefined values in the Real-time Radio Controller (RRC) of the affected processors. This mishandling can trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) condition, disrupting the normal functioning of the device. Depending upon the context and the attacker’s objectives, this could potentially lead to a full system compromise or even data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

While a specific exploit code is not available, an attacker could potentially craft a malicious payload that takes advantage of the mishandling of undefined values. A conceptual example could look similar to this pseudocode:

POST /rrc/handler HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{ "undefined_value": "trigger_DoS" }

This conceptual example showcases a payload designed to exploit the vulnerability by sending an undefined value to the RRC handler, triggering a Denial of Service condition.
Please note this is a conceptual example and the actual exploit might be different based on the specific APIs and system architecture of the affected products.

Overview

This report provides an analysis of a critical vulnerability, denoted as CVE-2024-55569, which affects a wide range of Samsung’s mobile processors, wearable processors, and modems. This security flaw, due to the absence of a length check, can lead to out-of-bounds writes, potentially compromising system security and leading to data leakage. As Samsung devices are widely used globally, this vulnerability poses a significant threat to user data and system integrity.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2024-55569
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Possible system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos | 9820, 9825, 980, 990, 850, 1080, 2100, 1280, 2200, 1330, 1380, 1480, 2400
Samsung Wearable Processor Exynos | 9110, W920, W930, W1000
Samsung Modem | 5123, 5300, 5400

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability arises from the lack of a length check during data processing in the affected Samsung processors and modems. This absence of a length check can result in out-of-bounds writes when processing excessively long data inputs. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted data packets to the target device. This could potentially lead to unauthorized code execution or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

Below is a conceptual example of a malicious packet that could exploit the vulnerability:

POST /processor/write HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
{ "data": "A".repeat(1000000) }  // An excessively long string

In this example, the attacker sends a POST request with an excessively long string as the data payload. This unexpected lengthy data could trigger the out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the absence of a proper length check.

Mitigation Guidance

To mitigate this vulnerability, users are urged to apply the latest patches provided by Samsung. If such patches are not available, users should consider deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) as a temporary measure to detect and prevent potential attacks.

Overview

This report provides a detailed analysis of the CVE-2025-2900 vulnerability. This vulnerability affects IBM Semeru Runtime versions 8.0.302.0 through 8.0.442.0, 11.0.12.0 through 11.0.26.0, 17.0.0.0 through 17.0.14.0, and 21.0.0.0 through 12.0.6.0. The issue stems from a flaw in the native AES/CBC encryption implementation, potentially causing system compromise or data leakage.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-2900
Severity: High (7.5 CVSS Score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Denial of service, potential system compromise and data leakage

Affected Products

Product | Affected Versions

IBM Semeru Runtime | 8.0.302.0 – 8.0.442.0
IBM Semeru Runtime | 11.0.12.0 – 11.0.26.0
IBM Semeru Runtime | 17.0.0.0 – 17.0.14.0
IBM Semeru Runtime | 21.0.0.0 – 12.0.6.0

How the Exploit Works

The exploit works by sending a large volume of data to the server running affected versions of IBM Semeru Runtime. This overloads the buffer in the AES/CBC encryption implementation, causing a buffer overflow. This overflow results in a crash, causing a denial of service. In some instances, it may also lead to system compromise or data leakage.

Conceptual Example Code

import socket
buffer = "A" * 5000
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("target_IP", target_port))
s.send(buffer)
s.close()

In the above sample Python script, an attacker could potentially overload the buffer by sending a large amount of data (“A” * 5000), causing the system to crash and possibly enable the exploitation of additional vulnerabilities.