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CVE-2025-32044: Critical Unauthenticated Data Retrieval Vulnerability in Moodle

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Overview

A critical vulnerability has been discovered in Moodle, a widely used learning management system. This vulnerability, designated CVE-2025-32044, allows unauthenticated users to extract sensitive user data. The potential impact ranges from unauthorized data access to potential system compromise, making this issue a top priority for administrators and developers working with Moodle.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-32044
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.5)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Unauthorized access to sensitive data, potential system compromise

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Product | Affected Versions

Moodle | All versions prior to patch

How the Exploit Works

The vulnerability occurs due to the mishandling of specific API calls on certain Moodle sites. Unauthenticated users can trigger a stack trace which inadvertently leaks sensitive user data. This includes names, contact information, and hashed passwords. Sites with PHP configured with zend.exception_ignore_args = 1 in the php.ini file are not affected.

Conceptual Example Code

The vulnerability could potentially be exploited with a malicious HTTP request like the following:

GET /api/v1/userdata HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable.moodlesite.com

The above is a conceptual example and the actual exploit may vary based on the specific site configuration, the attacker’s knowledge, and other factors.

Mitigation and Remediation

The recommended mitigation is to apply the vendor’s patch as soon as possible. If the patch cannot be applied immediately, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can offer temporary mitigation. Additionally, sites configured with zend.exception_ignore_args = 1 in the php.ini file are not affected by this vulnerability.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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