Overview
SQL Injection vulnerabilities are nothing new in the landscape of cybersecurity, yet they continue to pose a significant threat to the integrity of database systems worldwide. The vulnerability CVE-2025-52041, identified in Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5, is one such instance that brings to light the devastating potential of this age-old attack vector. This vulnerability affects companies and organizations that use Frappe ERPNext, a comprehensive Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution. It matters significantly as it allows attackers to extract all information from the database, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-52041
Severity: High (CVSS: 8.2)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Frappe ERPNext | 15.57.5
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability resides in the function `get_stock_balance_for()` at `erpnext/stock/doctype/stock_reconciliation/stock_reconciliation.py`. This function is susceptible to an SQL Injection attack, a type of attack that involves injecting malicious SQL code into an input query. In the case of this vulnerability, an attacker can manipulate the `inventory_dimensions_dict` parameter, inserting a malicious SQL query. Successful exploitation could result in the extraction of all information from the affected databases.
Conceptual Example Code
Here’s a conceptual example of a malicious SQL query that could be injected into the `inventory_dimensions_dict` parameter:
POST /api/method/erpnext.stock.doctype.stock_reconciliation.stock_reconciliation.get_stock_balance_for HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"inventory_dimensions_dict": "1; DROP TABLE users;"
}In this theoretical exploit, the attacker sends a JSON payload to the `get_stock_balance_for` API endpoint. The payload includes a SQL command (`DROP TABLE users;`) that deletes the `users` table from the database.
Mitigation
To mitigate this vulnerability, users are advised to apply the vendor’s patch once it becomes available. Until then, deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can serve as a temporary workaround. These security measures can detect and block SQL Injection attempts, thereby reducing the risk of exploitation. As a long-term solution, adopting secure coding practices, such as the use of parameterized queries or prepared statements, can help prevent SQL Injection vulnerabilities.