Overview
A critical vulnerability, CVE-2025-53511, has been identified in The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). This vulnerability poses a significant threat to any system utilizing the affected software, as it can lead to arbitrary code execution, potentially compromising the entire system or resulting in data leakage. Organizations and individuals that utilize The Biosig Project libbiosig are strongly advised to understand the implications of this vulnerability, apply the necessary mitigations, and monitor their systems for any suspicious activity.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-53511
Severity: Critical (9.8 / 10)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
The Biosig Project libbiosig | 3.9.0, Master Branch (35a819fa)
How the Exploit Works
The CVE-2025-53511 vulnerability lies in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig. A heap-based buffer overflow condition occurs when the software writes more data to a buffer located in the heap than it can hold. This can cause the overflow of adjacent memory spaces, corrupting valid data or leading to execution of arbitrary code. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by providing a specially crafted MFER file that takes advantage of the buffer overflow to inject malicious code.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited. The attacker creates a malicious MFER file with an oversized payload that overflows the buffer.
MFER File
---------
HEADER
DATA: [oversized data payload]The attacker then sends this file to the target system, tricking the user into opening it with libbiosig. On opening, the buffer overflow occurs, allowing the attacker’s code to be executed.
Mitigation
The most effective way to counter this vulnerability is by applying the vendor-supplied patch. If a patch is not immediately available or cannot be applied right away, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary mitigation, blocking or alerting on any attempts to exploit this vulnerability.
It is also advisable to practice good cyber hygiene, such as not opening files from untrusted sources and keeping all software up-to-date, to further reduce the risk of exploitation.