Overview
The open5GS network software, specifically version 2.7.2 and earlier, exhibits a critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-44952, that could potentially allow a local attacker to compromise the system or lead to data leakage. Open5GS is an open-source project used to implement 5G systems, and its compromise could negatively impact telecommunications providers and their clients, making this a significant cybersecurity concern. The vulnerability resides in the PFCP (Packet Forwarding Control Protocol) library, a critical component of the network software.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-44952
Severity: High (CVSS: 7.8)
Attack Vector: Local
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
Escape the Surveillance Era
Most apps won’t tell you the truth.
They’re part of the problem.
Phone numbers. Emails. Profiles. Logs.
It’s all fuel for surveillance.
Ameeba Chat gives you a way out.
- • No phone number
- • No email
- • No personal info
- • Anonymous aliases
- • End-to-end encrypted
Chat without a trace.
Product | Affected Versions
Open5GS | 2.7.2 and earlier
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability arises from a missing length check in the `ogs_pfcp_subnet_add` function, which is used by both the Session Management Function (smf) and the User Plane Function (upf) in Open5GS. By manipulating the `session.dnn` field with a value exceeding 101 characters in length, an attacker can cause a buffer overflow. This overflow can create a critical error state, potentially allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a system crash.
Conceptual Example Code
In a conceptual context, the vulnerability might be exploited as follows:
# Exploit for CVE-2025-44952
# This is a simplified representation and may not work as it is
#!/bin/bash
# Generate a string of characters longer than 101
payload=$(printf 'A%.0s' {1..102})
# Use the payload to exploit the vulnerability
echo "$payload" > /proc/[pid]/session.dnnIn this conceptual example, the payload is a string of 102 ‘A’ characters. When written to the `session.dnn` field, it triggers a buffer overflow due to the missing length check in the `ogs_pfcp_subnet_add` function.
Recommendations
The best mitigation against this vulnerability is to apply the vendor’s patch. In cases where immediate patching is not feasible, deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can provide temporary protection. However, these measures are not foolproof and can only serve as a stop-gap while the patch is being applied. It is strongly recommended to update the Open5GS software to the latest version where this vulnerability has been addressed.