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CVE-2025-7586: Critical Tenda AC500 Vulnerability Leading to Stack-Based Buffer Overflow

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Overview

CVE-2025-7586 is a worrying vulnerability identified in Tenda AC500 2.0.1.9(1307). This vulnerability, which has been classified as critical, is related to formSetAPCfg function of the file /goform/setWtpData. Its exploitation could lead to a stack-based buffer overflow, a common type of security issue that can have disastrous consequences. The vulnerability is of particular concern because it can be exploited remotely, and information regarding its exploitation has been made publicly available, increasing its potential impact.

Vulnerability Summary

CVE ID: CVE-2025-7586
Severity: Critical, CVSS Severity Score: 8.8
Attack Vector: Remote
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage

Affected Products

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Product | Affected Versions

Tenda AC500 | 2.0.1.9(1307)

How the Exploit Works

The exploit takes advantage of a flaw in the formSetAPCfg function of the file /goform/setWtpData. By manipulating the argument radio_2g_1, an attacker can trigger a stack-based buffer overflow. This type of overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than what is actually allocated for that buffer. This overflow can overwrite other data on the stack, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution, alteration of the program’s flow, or even a system crash.

Conceptual Example Code

Here is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability could be exploited. This example uses a simple HTTP POST request to the vulnerable endpoint.

POST /goform/setWtpData HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
radio_2g_1=AAAA...[LONG STRING]...

In this example, the `radio_2g_1` parameter is filled with a long string of ‘A’s. If the vulnerability is present, this could trigger a stack-based buffer overflow.

Recommendation

Users are strongly recommended to apply the vendor’s patch to mitigate the vulnerability. As a temporary mitigation, using a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. However, these measures do not eliminate the vulnerability, and patching should be carried out as soon as possible.

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Disclaimer:

The information and code presented in this article are provided for educational and defensive cybersecurity purposes only. Any conceptual or pseudocode examples are simplified representations intended to raise awareness and promote secure development and system configuration practices.

Do not use this information to attempt unauthorized access or exploit vulnerabilities on systems that you do not own or have explicit permission to test.

Ameeba and its authors do not endorse or condone malicious behavior and are not responsible for misuse of the content. Always follow ethical hacking guidelines, responsible disclosure practices, and local laws.

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