Overview
A critical vulnerability has been discovered in TOTOLINK T10 4.1.8cu.5207, a popular networking device used by businesses and individuals globally. The vulnerability, designated as CVE-2025-5904, impacts the function setWiFiMeshName of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi in the POST Request Handler component.
This vulnerability is especially concerning as it can be exploited remotely, exposing a large number of devices to potential attacks. The exploit, which has been publicly disclosed, can lead to system compromise or data leakage, posing significant risks to the security and integrity of the affected systems.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-5904
Severity: Critical (CVSS: 8.8)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: Potential system compromise or data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
TOTOLINK T10 | 4.1.8cu.5207
How the Exploit Works
The vulnerability lies in the manipulation of the ‘device_name’ argument in the ‘setWiFiMeshName’ function. An attacker can remotely send a specially crafted POST request to the /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi file, manipulating the ‘device_name’ argument. This manipulation can trigger a buffer overflow, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution, system compromise, or data leakage.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual example of how the vulnerability might be exploited, using an HTTP request.
POST /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: target.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
device_name=[malicious_payload]In the above example, [malicious_payload] would be replaced by an attacker with a specially crafted payload designed to trigger the buffer overflow.
Mitigation
The users of the affected versions of TOTOLINK T10 are advised to apply the vendor patch as soon as it’s available. In the interim, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be used to mitigate the risk by detecting and blocking malicious payloads targeting this vulnerability.