Overview
The vulnerability CVE-2025-41645 is a critical security flaw that opens up an avenue for an unauthenticated remote attacker to hijack devices. The vulnerability arises when these devices are inadvertently created within a demo account of the portal. This type of security exposure is particularly concerning due to its potential for widespread impact and the high level of control it can grant the attacker over the compromised systems.
The vulnerability is particularly significant as it affects a broad range of organizations and individuals who utilize the affected portal for their online operations. The potential for system compromise and data leakage makes it a critical issue that warrants immediate attention and mitigation.
Vulnerability Summary
CVE ID: CVE-2025-41645
Severity: Critical (8.6 CVSS score)
Attack Vector: Network
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Impact: System compromise and potential data leakage
Affected Products
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Product | Affected Versions
Vulnerable Portal | All versions preceding the patch
How the Exploit Works
An attacker, without the need for authentication, can access the vulnerable portal using a demo account. If any devices have been mistakenly created in this demo account, the attacker can hijack these devices. This access potentially allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code, manipulate the device’s functions, or extract sensitive data.
Conceptual Example Code
Below is a conceptual HTTP request that might be used to exploit this vulnerability:
GET /demo_account/device_list HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerableportal.example.com
Authorization: Bearer demo_account_token
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
{
"devices": [
{
"device_id": "device123",
"device_status": "active"
},
{
"device_id": "device456",
"device_status": "active"
}
]
}
POST /device_control HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerableportal.example.com
Content-Type: application/json
{
"device_id": "device123",
"command": "insert_malicious_code"
}In this example, the attacker first retrieves the list of devices associated with the demo account. Then, a POST request is sent to the control endpoint of the specific device with a malicious command.
Mitigation Guidance
To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the vendor patch as soon as it is available. If a patch is not immediately available, or if there’s a delay in its application, temporary mitigation can be achieved with the use of a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Detection System (IDS). These systems can monitor and restrict unauthorized access, thereby limiting potential exploits.